1577

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December 13: Francis Drake.

Year 1577 (MDLXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• January 9 – The second Union of Brussels is formed, first without the Protestant counties of Holland and Zeeland (which is accepted by king Philip II of Spain), later with the Protestants, which means open rebellion of the whole of the Netherlands.
• March 17 – The Cathay Company is formed to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold.
• May 28 – The Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings, is published. The earlier version, known as the Torgau Book (1576), had been condensed into an Epitome; both documents are part of the 1580 Book of Concord.

July–December

• September 17 – The Treaty of Bergerac is signed between Henry III of France and the Huguenots.
• November – The Great Comet of 1577 is observed from Earth.
• December 13 – Francis Drake leaves Plymouth, England, aboard the Pelican with four other ships and 164 men on an expedition against the Spanish along the Pacific coast of the Americas which will become a circumnavigation.

Date unknown

• Supposed massacre of the MacDonald inhabitants of the Scottish island of Eigg by the Clan MacLeod.
• The church in San Pedro de Atacama is built in the Atacama Desert in Chile .

Births

Christian IV of Denmark and Norway born on April 12

Peter Paul Rubens born on June 28

• January 9 – Anthony Irby, English politician (d. 1610)
• January 12
  • Jan Baptist van Helmont, Flemish chemist (d. 1644)
  • Francesco Stelluti, Italian mathematician (d. 1652)
• January 13 – Hugh Audley, English moneylender/lawyer/philosopher (d. 1662)
• February 5 – Johann Baptist Grossschedel, German noble, alchemist and esoteric author (d. 1630)
• February 6 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman who conspired to kill her father (d. 1599)
• February 7 – Francis Walsingham, English Jesuit (d. 1647)
• February 8 – Robert Burton, English scholar at Oxford University (d. 1640)
• February 15 – Jean Riolan the Younger, French anatomist (d. 1657)
• February 17 – Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg, German noble (d. 1656)
• February 18 – Roger North, English politician (d. 1651)
• February 22 – Pieter Huyssens, Flemish architect (d. 1637)
• March 1 – Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1635)
• March 5 – Franciscus Dousa, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1606)
• March 20 – Alessandro Tiarini, Italian Baroque painter of the Bolognese School (d. 1668)
• March 24 – Francis, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin, Bishop of Cammin (d. 1620)
• April 12 – King Christian IV of Denmark and Norway (d. 1648)
• April 16 – Elisabeth of Nassau, regent of Sedan (d. 1642)
• April 26 – Countess Elisabeth of Nassau, French noble (d. 1642)
• May 20 – Philip de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1582)
• May 31 – Nur Jahan (d. 1645)
• June 12 – Paul Guldin, Swiss Jesuit mathematician (d. 1643)
• June 28 – Peter Paul Rubens, German painter (d. 1640)
• July 9 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English governor of Virginia (d. 1618)
• July 21
  • Anne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, French countess (d. 1644)
  • Adam Willaerts, Cutch painter (d. 1664)
• August 11 (bapt.) – Barnaby Potter, English Bishop of Carlisle (d. 1642)
• September 1 – Scipione Borghese, Italian Cardinal (d. 1633)
• September 8 – Otto Heurnius, Dutch physician and philosopher (d. 1652)
• September 24 – Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626 (d. 1626)
• October 3 – Tobie Matthew (d. 1655)
• October 6 – Ferdinand of Bavaria (d. 1650)
• October 11 – Jørgen Lunge, Danish politician (d. 1619)
• October 17 – Cristofano Allori, Italian portrait painter of the late Florentine Mannerist school (d. 1621)
• November 2 – John Bridgeman, British bishop (d. 1652)
• November 4 – François Leclerc du Tremblay (d. 1638)
• November 10 – Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d. 1660)
• November 24 – Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Guttenberg, Palatinate-Veldenz (d. 1601)
• November 25
  • Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch admiral and privateer for the Dutch Republic during the Eighty Years' War (d. 1629)
  • Samuel Purchas, English travel writer (d. 1626)
• December 8 – Mario Minniti, Italian artist active in Sicily after 1606 (d. 1640)
• December 20 – Antonio Brunelli, Italian composer and theorist (d. 1630)
• December 25 – Petrus Kirstenius, German physician and orientalist (d. 1640)
• December 27 – William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham, English politician and Baron (d. 1615)
• date unknown
  • Christoph Besold, German jurist (d. 1638)
  • Giacomo Cavedone, Italian painter (d. 1660)
  • Robert Cushman, English Plymouth Colony settler (d. 1625)
  • William Noy, English lawyer and politician (d. 1634)
  • Meletius Smotrytsky, Ruthenian religious activist and author, who developed Church Slavonic grammar (d. 1633)
  • Gerhard Johann Vossius, German classical scholar and theologian (d. 1649)

Deaths

Eric XIV of Sweden died on February 26, 1577

• February – Adam von Bodenstein, Swiss alchemist and physician (b. 1528)
• February 26 – King Eric XIV of Sweden (b. 1533)
• May – Richard Aertsz, Dutch painter (b. 1482)
• May 5 – Viglius, Dutch statesman (b. 1507)
• July 26 – Blaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de Montluc, Marshal of France (b. 1502)
• August 12 – Thomas Smith, English scholar and diplomat (b. 1513)
• September 7 – Infanta Maria of Guimarães (b. 1538)
• October 7 – George Gascoigne, English poet (b. c. 1525)
• October 10 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (b. 1521)
• November 19 – Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)
• November 29 – Cuthbert Mayne, English saint (b. 1543)
• December 18 – Anna of Saxony, second wife of William the Silent

References