1725

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1725 (MDCCXXV) was a common year starting on Monday (dominical letter G) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday (dominical letter C) of the Julian calendar, the 1725th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 725th year of the 2nd millennium, the 25th year of the 18th century, and the 6th year of the 1720s decade. As of the start of 1725, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1918.

Events

January–June

• February 8 – Catherine I becomes Empress of Russia on the death of her husband, Peter the Great.^[1]
• February 20 – The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony.
• March 2 – In London, a night watchman finds a severed head by the Thames; it is later recognized to be that of the husband of Catherine Hayes. She and an accomplice are later executed.^[2]
• March 30 – 2nd performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's St John Passion, BWV 245 (including 5 movements from his Weimarer Passion), at St. Thomas Church, Leipzig.
• April 30 – Emperor Charles VI of Austria and King Philip V of Spain sign the Treaty of Vienna.
• May 12 – The Black Watch is raised as a military company as part of the pacification of the Scottish Highlands under General George Wade.^[3]
• May 21 – The Order of Alexander Nevsky is instituted in Russia by Empress Catherine I.
• May 24 – Jonathan Wild, fraudulent "Thief-Taker General", is hanged at Tyburn in London for actually aiding criminals.
• June 24 – First recorded meeting of the Grand Lodge of Ireland in Dublin, making it the second most senior Grand Lodge in world Freemasonry, and the oldest in continuous existence.^[4]

July–December

• September 16 – The Treaty of Hanover is signed between Great Britain, France and Prussia.

Date unknown

• A fire in Wapping, London, destroys 70 houses.
• In Qing dynasty China 66 copies of a 5,020 volume long encyclopedia, the Gujin Tushu Jicheng ("Complete Collection of Illustrations and Writings from the Earliest to Current Times") are printed, necessitating the crafting of 250,000 movable type characters cast in bronze.
• 1725-1730 - Freemasonry is established in France as an English import.

Births

• January 25 – Antoine Court de Gébelin, French pastor (d. 1784)
• February 4 – Dru Drury, English entomologist (d. 1804)
• February 5 – James Otis, American lawyer and patriot (d. 1783)
• February 15 – Abraham Clark, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1794)
• February 25 – Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet (d. 1798)
• February 26 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French steam vehicle pioneer (d. 1804)
• March 6 – Henry Benedict Stuart, cardinal and Jacobite claimant to the British throne, resident in Italy (d. 1807)
• March 17 – Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-born American military and political leader (d. 1806)
• March 20 – Abd-al-Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1789)
• March 24
  • Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (d. 1813)
  • Thomas Cushing, American Continental Congressman (d. 1788)
• March 28 – Andrew Kippis, English non-conformist clergyman and biographer (d. 1795)
• April 2 – Giacomo Casanova, Italian adventurer and writer (d. 1798)
• April 6 – Pasquale Paoli, Corsican patriot and military leader (d. 1807)
• April 23 – Gerard Majella, Italian Catholic lay brother and saint (d. 1755)
• April 25 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, British admiral (d. 1786)
• May 12 – Louis Philip I, Duke of Orléans, French soldier and writer (d. 1785)
• May 25 – Samuel Ward, American politician (d. 1776)
• July 1
  • Rhoda Delaval, English portrait painter (d. 1757)
  • Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, French soldier (d. 1807)
• July 24 – John Newton, English cleric and hymnist (d. 1807)
• August 21 – Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter (d. 1805)
• August 29 – Charles Townshend, English politician (d. 1767)
• September 5 – Jean-Étienne Montucla, French mathematician (d. 1799)
• September 12 – Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (d. 1792)
• September 16 – Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist (d. 1815)
• September 24 – Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (d. 1803)
• September 29 – Robert Clive, British general and statesman (d. 1774)
• October 12 – Etienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (d. 1810)
• October 21 – Franz Moritz Graf von Lacy, Austrian field marshal (d. 1801)
• December 11 – George Mason, American founding father (d. 1792)
• December 18 – Johann Salomo Semler, German historian and Bible commentator (d. 1791)
• date unknown – Magdalena Dávalos y Maldonado, Ecuadorian scholar and socialite (d. 1806)

Deaths

• January 6 – Chikamatsu Monzaemon, Japanese dramatist (b. 1653)
• January 26 – Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, Georgian prince (b. 1658)
• February 8 – Emperor Peter I of Russia (b. 1672)
• March 2 – José Benito de Churriguera, Spanish architect and sculptor (b. 1665)
• April 8 – John Wise, English clergyman (b. 1652)
• May 24 – Jonathan Wild, English criminal (b. 1682)
• June 29 – Arai Hakuseki, Japanese poet, politician, and writer (b. 1657)
• September 16 – Antoine V de Gramont, French military leader (b. 1672)
• October 10 – Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil, Governor-General of New France
• October 11 – Hans Herr, Swiss-born Mennonite bishop (b. 1639)
• October 24 – Alessandro Scarlatti, Italian composer (b. 1660)
• October 31 – Ali Othman, vampire (b. 1660)
• December 7 – Florent Carton Dancourt, French dramatist and actor (b. 1661)
• date unknown
  • Giuseppe Mazzuoli, sculptor (b. 1644)
  • José Mora, Spanish sculptor (b. 1638)
  • Nguyễn Phúc Chu, Vietnamese ruler (b. 1675)
  • Petar Blagojevich, Serbian peasant and alleged vampire
• probable
  • Leendert Hasenbosch, Dutch castaway on Ascension Island (b. c. 1695)
  • Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku, ruler of Hawaii

References