1949 in India

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Incumbents

1 January - After eight months of fighting between the Indian forces and the Pakistan Army agreed to a ceasefire, ordered by the United Nations Security Council, takes effect in Kashmir region.
1 April - The Reserve Bank of India was nationalised.
28 April - India issues the London Declaration, enabling it (and, thereafter, any other nation) to remain in the British Commonwealth despite becoming a republic, creating the position of 'Head of the Commonwealth', and renaming the organisation as the 'Commonwealth of Nations'.
6 June - With the passage of the Bodh Gaya Temple Act by the Indian government, Mahabodhi Temple is restored to partial Buddhist control.
27 July - India and Pakistan sign the Karachi Agreement
9 September - Queen Kanchanprabha Devi signs the Tripura Merger Agreement
15 October - Tripura becomes a part of the Union of India
15 November - Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte executed for assassinating Mahatma Gandhi.
26 November - New constitution is adopted by the Indian Constituent Assembly.
28 December - Central Reserve Police Force Act enacted.

10 April - Birbal Sahni, paleobotanist (born 1891).
19 June - Syed Zafarul Hasan, Muslim philosopher (born 1885).
15 November - Narayan Apte, accomplice in assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, executed (born 1911).
15 November - Nathuram Godse, assassin of Mahatma Gandhi, executed (born 1910).