1984 Tour de France

1984 Tour de France
Route of the 1984 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 29 June – 22 July
Stages 23 + Prologue
Distance 4,021 km (2,499 mi)
Winning time 112h 03' 40"
Results
Winner  Laurent Fignon (FRA) (Renault–Elf)
Second  Bernard Hinault (FRA) (La Vie Claire)
Third  Greg LeMond (USA) (Renault–Elf)
Points  Frank Hoste (BEL) (Europ Decor–Boule d'Or–Eddy Merckx)
Mountains  Robert Millar (GBR) (Peugeot–Shell–Michelin)
Youth  Greg LeMond (USA) (Renault–Elf)
Sprints  Jacques Hanegraaf (NED) (Kwantum–Decosol–Yoko)
Team Renault–Elf
Team Points Panasonic–Raleigh

The 1984 Tour de France was the 71st edition of the Tour de France, run over 4,021 km (2,499 mi) in 23 stages and a prologue, from 29 June to 22 July.

The race was dominated by the Renault team, who won the team classification and ten stages:[1] Renault's French rider Laurent Fignon won his second consecutive Tour, beating former teammate Bernard Hinault by over 10 minutes. Hinault was pursuing his fifth Tour victory after having sat out the 1983 Tour because of injuries. Also that year, Fignon's team-mate Greg LeMond became the first American rider to finish in the top three and stand on the podium, and he also took the young rider classification. Belgian cyclist Frank Hoste won the points classification, and British Robert Millar won the mountains classification. The race consisted of 23 stages, totaling 4,020 kilometers (2,500 mi).

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1984 Tour de France.

There was room for 18 teams in the 1984 Tour de France; in early 1984, there were 17 candidate teams. Although the Tour organisation approached AVP–Viditel and Metauromobili, an 18th team was not added.[2] The 1984 Tour started with 170 cyclists, divided into 17 teams of 10 cyclists.[3]

The teams entering the race were:[3]

Route and stages

The 1984 Tour de France started on 29 June, and had one rest day, in Grenoble.[4]

Stage characteristics and winners[3][5][6]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 29 June Montreuil to Noisy-le-Sec 5 km (3.1 mi) Individual time trial  Bernard Hinault (FRA)
1 30 June Bondy to Saint-Denis 149 km (93 mi) Plain stage  Frank Hoste (BEL)
2 1 July Bobigny to Louvroil 249 km (155 mi) Plain stage  Marc Madiot (FRA)
3 2 July Louvroil to Valenciennes 51 km (32 mi) Team time trial  Renault–Elf
4 2 July Valenciennes to Béthune 83 km (52 mi) Plain stage  Ferdi Van Den Haute (BEL)
5 3 July Béthune to Cergy-Pontoise 207 km (129 mi) Plain stage  Paulo Ferreira (POR)
6 4 July Cergy-Pontoise to Alençon 202 km (126 mi) Plain stage  Frank Hoste (BEL)
7 5 July Alençon to Le Mans 67 km (42 mi) Individual time trial  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
8 6 July Le Mans to Nantes 192 km (119 mi) Plain stage  Pascal Jules (FRA)
9 7 July Nantes to Bordeaux 338 km (210 mi) Plain stage  Jan Raas (NED)
10 8 July Langon to Pau 198 km (123 mi) Plain stage  Eric Vanderaerden (BEL)
11 9 July Pau to Guzet-Neige 227 km (141 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Robert Millar (GBR)
12 10 July Saint-Girons to Blagnac 111 km (69 mi) Plain stage  Pascal Poisson (FRA)
13 11 July Blagnac to Rodez 220 km (140 mi) Plain stage  Pierre-Henri Menthéour (FRA)
14 12 July Rodez to Domaine du Rouret 228 km (142 mi) Hilly stage  Fons De Wolf (BEL)
15 13 July Domaine du Rouret to Grenoble 241 km (150 mi) Hilly stage  Frédéric Vichot (FRA)
14 July Grenoble Rest day
16 15 July Les Échelles to La Ruchère 22 km (14 mi) Individual time trial  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
17 16 July Grenoble to Alpe d'Huez 151 km (94 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Luis Herrera (COL)
18 17 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to La Plagne 185 km (115 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
19 18 July La Plagne to Morzine 186 km (116 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Ángel Arroyo (ESP)
20 19 July Morzine to Crans-Montana (Switzerland) 141 km (88 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
21 20 July Crans-Montana (Switzerland) to Villefranche-sur-Saône 320 km (200 mi) Hilly stage  Frank Hoste (BEL)
22 21 July Villié-Morgon to Villefranche-sur-Saône 51 km (32 mi) Individual time trial  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
23 22 July Pantin to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 197 km (122 mi) Hilly stage  Eric Vanderaerden (BEL)
Total 4,021 km (2,499 mi)[7]

Race overview

Laurent Fignon (pictured at the 1993 Tour), winner of the general classification

The 1984 Tour de France was a battle between reigning champion Fignon and his former team captain Hinault. Questions had been raised about the strength of Fignon's 1983 win due to Hinault's absence and Pascal Simon's withdrawal after breaking his shoulder whilst wearing the yellow jersey.[1] Hinault won the prologue, but Fignon won back time when his team won the team time trial in stage three.[8] After a large escape in the fifth stage, Fignon's team mate Vincent Barteau was leading the race. In the seventh stage, Fignon won the time trial, beating Hinault by 49 seconds.[9] Barteau was still leading the race, and remained the leader after the Pyrenées.

In the sixteenth stage, Fignon again beat Hinault in a time trial, this time winning 33 seconds.[10] In the seventeenth stage, Hinault attacked five times on the penultimate climb, but every time Fignon was able to get back. Then, Fignon left Hinault behind, and won almost three more minutes on Hinault. Barteau was so far behind in this stage, that Fignon became the new leader.[11] Fignon won three more stages, for a total of five that year, and won the Tour with a ten-minute margin. With his air of indifference in interviews and his crushing dominance, he was hailed as France's newest superstar.

Classification leadership

There were several classifications in the 1984 Tour de France, six of them awarding jerseys to their leaders. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[12]

Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists were given points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[12]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[12]

There was also a combination classification. This classification was calculated as a combination of the other classifications, its leader wore the combination jersey.[13]

Another classification was the young rider classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders that rode the Tour for the first time were eligible, and the leader wore a white jersey.[12]

Before the 1984 Tour, the Intermediate sprints classification did not have a jersey. In the 1984 Tour, the organizers gave the leader of the classification a red jersey to wear.[3] This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints.[14]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The riders in the team that lead this classification wore yellow caps.[15] There was also a team points classification. After each stage, the stage rankings of the best three cyclists per team were added, and the team with the least total lead this classification, and were identified by green caps.[13]

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the young rider classification
A red jersey. Denotes the winner of the intermediate sprints classification

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Laurent Fignon (FRA) Renault–Elf 112h 03' 40"
2  Bernard Hinault (FRA) La Vie Claire + 10' 32"
3  Greg LeMond (USA) Renault–Elf + 11' 46"
4  Robert Millar (GBR) Peugeot–Shell–Michelin + 14' 42"
5  Sean Kelly (IRE) Skil–Reydel–Sem + 16' 35"
6  Ángel Arroyo (ESP) Reynolds + 19' 22"
7  Pascal Simon (FRA) Peugeot–Shell–Michelin + 21' 17"
8  Pedro Muñoz (ESP) Teka + 26' 17"
9  Claude Criquielion (BEL) Splendor–Mondial Moquette + 29' 12"
10  Phil Anderson (AUS) Panasonic–Raleigh + 29' 16"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–5)[16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Frank Hoste (BEL) Europ Decor–Boule d'Or–Eddy Merckx 322
2  Sean Kelly (IRE) Skil–Reydel–Sem 318
3  Eric Vanderaerden (BEL) Panasonic–Raleigh 247
4  Leo van Vliet (NED) Kwantum–Decosol–Yoko 173
5  Bernard Hinault (FRA) La Vie Claire 146

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–5)[16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Robert Millar (GBR) Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 284
2  Laurent Fignon (FRA) Renault–Elf 212
3  Ángel Arroyo (ESP) Reynolds 140
4  Luis Alberto Herrera (COL) Colombia–Varta 108
5  José Patrocinio Jiménez (COL) Teka 92

Young rider classification

Young rider classification (1–5)[17]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Greg LeMond (USA) Renault–Elf 112h 15' 26"
2  Pedro Muñoz (ESP) Teka + 14' 31"
3  Niki Rüttimann (SUI) La Vie Claire + 19' 12"
4  Rafaël Antonio Acevedo (COL) Colombia–Varta + 21' 46"
5  José Antonio Agudelo (COL) Colombia–Varta + 37' 39"

Intermediate sprints classification

Intermediate sprints classification (1–3)[16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Jacques Hanegraaf (NED) Kwantum–Decosol–Yoko 155
2  Bernard Hinault (FRA) La Vie Claire 52
3  Laurent Fignon (FRA) Renault–Elf 51

Team classification

Final team classification (1–5)[16]
Rank Team Time
1Renault–Elf 336h 31' 16"
2Skil–Reydel–Sem + 46' 44"
3Reynolds + 57' 58"
4Peugeot–Shell–Michelin + 1h 01' 57"
5La Vie Claire + 1h 15' 59"

Team points classification

Final team points classification (1–3)[16]
Rank Team Points
1Panasonic–Raleigh 1159
2Renault–Elf 1318
3Peugeot–Shell–Michelin 1322

References

  1. 1 2 Cossins, Peter (22 July 2014). "Renault: The best Tour de France team ever?". cyclingnews.com. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  2. ↑ "Zeventien formaties kandidaat voor Tour". Nieuwsblad van het Noorden (in Dutch). Koninklijke Bibliotheek. 26 January 1984. p. 21. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "71ème Tour de France 1984" (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  4. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 75.
  5. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 74.
  6. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCCBike.com. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  7. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 110.
  8. ↑ McGann, p. 147
  9. ↑ McGann, p. 148
  10. ↑ McGann, p. 150
  11. ↑ McGann, p. 152
  12. 1 2 3 4 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  13. 1 2 Mark, Eddy van der. "Tour Xtra: Other Classifications & Awards". Chippewa Valley Cycling Club. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  14. ↑ Mark, Eddy van der. "Tour Xtra: Intermediate Sprints Classification". Chippewa Valley Cycling Club. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  15. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0-679-72936-4. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 "Clasificaciones oficiales". El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 24 July 1984. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
  17. ↑ "Tour in cijfers". Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Regionaal Archief Leiden. 23 July 1984. p. 14. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

Sources

External links

Media related to 1984 Tour de France at Wikimedia Commons

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