Alcohol measurements
Alcohol measurements are units of measurement for determining amounts of beverage alcohol. The following tables are applicable to the US only, as measurements vary with each country (for example, a shot of vodka is equal to 50 mL in Poland as opposed to 25 mL in England).
Also, note that there are widely varied definitions of measurements throughout history, even when just considering books published in the United States' short history. A good collection of these contradictory measurements can be found in Virginia Mescher's When is a Cup Not a Cup?[1]
Beer measures
| Name | US customary units | Imperial units | Metric units (approx.) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| snorkel | 2 US fl. oz. | 59.15 milliliters (mL) | ||
| nip | ⅓ imp. pint | 189.42 mL | Barley wine was usually bottled in nips[2] | |
| small | ½ US pint | 236.59 mL | ||
| half | ½ imp. pint | 284.13 mL | ||
| large | 1 US pint | 473.18 mL | ||
| pint | 1 imp. pint | 568.26 mL | ||
| flagon | 1 US quart | 946.35 mL | ||
| 40 | 40 US fl. oz. | 1.18 liters (L) | Malt liquor is often bottled in "40's" | |
| pin | 4.5 imp. gal. | 20.46 L | ||
| pony keg | 7.75 US gal. | 29.33 L | Quarter US barrel | |
| anker | 10 US gal. | 37.85 L | ||
| firkin | 9 imp. gal. | 40.91 L | 2 pins | |
| keg | 15.5 US gal. | 58.67 L | Half US barrel | |
| kilderkin | 18 imp. gal. | 81.83 L | 2 firkins | |
| US barrel | 31 US gal.[3] | 117.35 L | 2 kilderkins | |
| UK barrel | 36 imp. gal. | 163.66 L | 2 kilderkins | |
| hogshead | 54 imp. gal. | 245.49 L | 6 firkins or 3 kilderkins | |
| puncheon | 72 imp. gal. | 327.32 L | 2 barrels | |
| butt | 108 imp. gal. | 490.98 L | 2 hogshead | |
| tun | 216 imp. gal. | 981.96 L | 3 puncheons or 2 butts |
Liquor measurements
The following table lists common sizes for liquors and spirits.[4][5]
| Name | US customary units | Imperial units | English units | Metric units (direct conversion) | Metric units (legal/convention) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hint | 1⁄128 tsp[6] | |||||
| Drop | 1⁄64 tsp[6] | |||||
| Dash | 1⁄8 tsp[6] | |||||
| Bartender's Teaspoon (U.S.) or Splash[6] | 1⁄8 fl oz[7] | |||||
| Count | 0.5 fl oz | 14.8 mL | 15 mL | Using calibrated pour spouts that restrict flow to 0.5 fl oz/s | ||
| Bartender's Tablespoon (U.S.) | 3⁄8 fl oz[7] | |||||
| 1⁄6 Gill (Imp.) | 23.7 mL | 25 mL | Legal serving of spirits (Gin, rum, vodka and whisky) defined in 1963 Weights and Measures Act (1963-1984) | |||
| Shot (U.K.) | 25 mL | Legal serving of spirits (Gin, rum, vodka and whisky) in the U.K. since 1985.[8] | ||||
| roquille (France) | ~29.75 ml | A measure of spirits[9] in the Ancien Régime of France (before 1795), being 1⁄32 of a French pinte (~952.1 ml). | ||||
| Shot (U.K.) | 35 mL | Legal serving of spirits (Gin, rum, vodka and whisky) in the U.K. since 1985. | ||||
| 1⁄5 Gill (Scottish) | Traditional Scottish spirits measure | |||||
| 1⁄4 Gill (Irish) | Traditional Irish spirits measure | |||||
| Pony (U.S.) | 1.0 fl oz | 30 mL | Defined as 1⁄2 of a jigger.[10] Was used to measure a cordial. | |||
| Pony (Eng.) | 3⁄4 fl oz | (6 dram) May be derived from holding a "pennyworth" of beer. | ||||
| Jigger (U.S.) | 1.5 fl oz | 45 mL | Typical size after U.S. Prohibition, but varies | |||
| Short shot (U.S.) | 1.5 fl oz | 45 mL | [11]:12 | |||
| Jigger (Imp.) | 1⁄8 Gill | 35.52 mL | Legal U.K. spirits measure from 1826 to 1984, for Gin, rum, vodka and whisky. | |||
| Jigger (Eng.) | 1.5 fl oz | (3 tablespoons, 2 pony) | ||||
| Jigger (U.S.) | 2.0 fl oz | 60 mL | Before U.S. Prohibition[11] | |||
| Hooker | 2.5 fl oz | 1 1⁄4 jigger[11]:12 (5 tablespoons) | ||||
| Snit | 3.0 fl oz | 88.72 mL | Two jiggers.[12][13] | |||
| Gill (U.S.) | 4.0 fl oz | 118.294 mL | 120 mL | Pronounced "Jill", and defined as 1/2 of a Jack. | ||
| Gill (Imp.) | 5.0 fl oz | 142.065 mL | Pronounced "Jill", and defined as 1⁄2 of a Jack. | |||
| Jack (Imp.) | 10.0 fl oz | Shortened from Jackpot, and defined as 2 gills. |
Liquor bottles
| Name | US customary units | Imperial units | Metric units (approx.) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miniature | 1.7 US fl oz | 1.8 Imp fl oz | 50 mL | Typically served on airline flights. Also known as a "nip" in certain locales. |
| half pint | 6.8 | 7.0 | 200 mL | Called a naggin in Ireland.[14] Called a "dickie" in Canada. |
| shoulder | 11.8 | 12.3 | 350 mL | Common in Ireland; also called a "daddy naggin"[15] |
| pint | 12.7 | 13.2 | 375 mL | Called a mickey in Canada |
| European spirit bottle | 23.7 | 1 pt 4.6 fl oz | 700 mL | Common worldwide outside the Americas. |
| fifth | 25.6 | 1 pt 6.4 fl oz | 750 mL | Formerly 0.2 gal. or 25.6 oz., equivalent to 757 mL. Called a "two six" or "26er" in Canada; as in 26oz, also known as a "BOTII" in Kenya. |
| 1.14 liter | 38.5 | 2 pints | 1.14 L | Referred to as a "forty" in Canada. |
| half gallon | 59.2 | 3 pts 1.6 fl oz | 1.75 L | Also known as a "handle", due to most 1.75 L bottles having a handle. Called a "sixty" or "sixty-pounder" in Canada; as in 60oz. |
Wine measurements
The following table contains various measurements that are commonly applied to wine.[16]
| Name | US fluid ounces (approx.) | Metric units | No. of 750 mL bottles | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarter bottle | 6.3 | 187.5 mL | ¼ | Also known as a piccolo, pony, snipe or split |
| Chopine | 8.5 | 250 mL | ⅓ | Bordeaux region |
| Half bottle | 12.7 | 375 mL | ½ | Also known as a demi |
| Bottle | 25.4 | 750 mL | 1 | |
| Litre | 33.8 | 1 L | 1⅓ | Popular size for Austrian wines |
| Magnum | 50.7 | 1.5 L | 2 | |
| Double Magnum | 101.4 | 3 L | 4 | Bordeaux region |
| Jeroboam | 101.4 | 3 L | 4 | Champagne region |
| Jeroboam | 152.2 | 4.5 L | 6 | Bordeaux region |
| Rehoboam | 152.2 | 4.5 L | 6 | Champagne and Burgundy regions |
| Imperial | 202.9 | 6 L | 8 | Bordeaux region |
| Methuselah | 202.9 | 6 L | 8 | Champagne and Burgundy regions |
| Salmanazar | 304.3 | 9 L | 12 | |
| Balthazar | 405.8 | 12 L | 16 | |
| Nebuchadnezzar | 507.2 | 15 L | 20 | |
| Melchior | 608.7 | 18 L | 24 |
References
- ↑ Mescher, Virginia. "When is a Cup Not a Cup?" (PDF). Ragged Soldier Sutlery and Vintage Volumes. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
- ↑ "Nipperkin". World Wide Words: Investigating the English language across the globe. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ↑ 27 CFR § 25.11.
- ↑ http://fooduniversity.com/foodu/food_c/reference/bottle_size_for_liquor.htm Liquor Bottle Size
- ↑ "Bartending/Glossary/Table of measures and conversions". Wikibooks. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 eliacopoulos, lew. "Dash, Pinch, and Smidgen and other Unusual Measurements". Festibrate: Your Holiday & Seasonal Guide for Food & Lifestyle. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
- 1 2 Rowlett, Russ. "How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement". University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- ↑ Gov.UK. "Weights and measures: the law". Official U.K. Government website. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ↑ Schwarz-Bart, Simone. "Schwarz-Bart: Pluie et Vent sur Télumée Miracle". Retrieved 2016-09-29.
- ↑ Kappeler, George J. (1895). Modern American Drinks: How to Mix and Serve All Kinds of Cups and Drinks. p. 19.
- 1 2 3 Willett, Andrew (2016). Elemental Mixology. p. 8. Retrieved 2016-10-03.
- ↑ "snit". Wictionary. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
- ↑ "snit". Wordnik. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
- ↑ http://www.irishmirror.ie/news/irish-news/health-news/sneaky-naggin-students-downing-dangerous-5154573
- ↑ http://www.anacreofpints.com/index.php/the-naggin
- ↑ http://sherlocks.com/wine-measurements-guide/ Wine Measurements Guide
External links
- Conversion Calculator for Units of Volume
- A Dictionary of Units of Measurement
- BASIC PORTIONS: THE CUP, THE GILL, THE JIGGER
- Bartending/Glossary/Table of measures and conversions
- Bar Measurements
- Measurements
- Metric Kitchen Converters and Substitutions
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