Children Without Worms

Children Without Worms (CWW) is a global collaborative health programme among two pharmaceutical giants, Johnson & Johnson and GlaxoSmithKline, and a nonprofit organisation, the Task Force for Global Health. The cooperative goal is to support the treatment and prevention of parasitic infection with soil-transmitted helminths, which are the major cause of morbidity in school-age children, especially those living in Africa, Asia and South America.[1][2]

CWW is an effort to make the world's children free of soil-transmitted helminthiasis so that they can grow, play, learn normally and enrich their communities. To accomplish the mission, CWW works closely with the World Health Organization, regional government ministries and nongovernmental organizations.[3] It partners with Helen Keller International to work in Cambodia, World Wildlife Fund in Cameroon, and Save the Children in Bangladesh.[4]

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is a neglected tropical disease as a result of infection of intestinal parasites such as roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), and pinworm/threadworm (Strongyloides stercoralis). Most prevalent in the impoverished tropical and subtropical regions of Subsaharan Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia and China, where sanitation and hygiene are poor, the disease is an enormous burden on humanity, amounting to 135,000 deaths every year, and persistent infection of more than two billion people.[5][6] The long-term impact is even worse. In these regions, the disease is the single most debilitating cause of intellectual and physical retardation. Thus it remains a relentless factor of backwardness in socio-economic and human development.[7][8][9]

Objectives

CWW basically is an aim to control STH in children by:[3][10]

  1. Supporting recipient countries in reducing STH infections as a public health and child development problem in accord with the 2001 resolution of the World Health Assembly by donating mebendazole for children in order to reduce associated morbidities, enhance education and promote development.
  2. Encouraging recipient countries to establish a comprehensive and sustainable STH control policy that combines mass deworming with the promotion of health education and improvements in sanitation and safe water supplies.
  3. Increasing the use of effective partnerships at the country level.

Strategy of Action

CWW targets children of school age through a slogan called the WASHED Framework, which includes systematic promotion of provision of water, sanitation, hygiene education, and deworming. Since helminth infections are not easily controlled by a simple treatment regime at a specific target level, CWW made a coordinated plan to improve:[11][12]

  1. Water - Access to drinking water for hand-washing and cleaning of foodstuffs to prevent or minimize reinfection.
  2. Sanitation – Hygienic toilets and fecal sludge management keep infected human excreta from human activities, thereby minimizing the risk of reinfection in treated individuals and preventing new infections.
  3. Hygiene Education - It promotes personal and environmental hygiene in communities where infection is endemic, thus reducing the recurrent infections.
  4. Deworming - Treatment with broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs like albendazole and Vermox (mebendazole) effectively eliminates the intestinal worms, thus the most effective component of the action.

Implementation of action

CWW oversees the donation of anthelmintics to the Ministries of Health and Education in eight recipient countries, including Bangladesh, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Lao PDR, Nicaragua, Uganda and Zambia. The annual donation consists of 200 million tablets of mebendazole from Johnson & Johnson, and 400 million tablets of albendazole from GlaxoSmithKline, and these are estimated for the treatment of up to 300 million children twice a year.[13][14]

The London Declaration

CWW joined forces with the World Health Organization, the World Bank, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the world's 13 leading pharmaceutical companies, and governments of US, UK, United Arab Emirate, Bangladesh, Brazil, Mozambique and Tanzania, to implement the largest global health programme called the London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases on 30 January 2012 in London. The ambitious project is to control or eradicate the major neglected tropical diseases.[15] Under this programme, CWW will continue to disseminate drugs through for the projected eradication by 2020.[16]

References

  1. ↑ Nickbarg S (23 November 2011). "Worming Your Way Into Better Health: J&J and Children Without Worms". bclc.uschamber.com. Business Civic Leadership Center, Washington, DC. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  2. ↑ Salaam-Blyther T (2011). Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD): Background, Responses, and Issues for Congress. DIANE Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 9781437981148.
  3. 1 2 IFPMA (2012). "Children Without Worms". ifpma.org. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  4. ↑ Koporc K (31 January 2012). "School-Based Deworming Programs: Giving Children Important Lessons for Bright Future". saveone.net. ABC News. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  5. ↑ WHO. Eliminating Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis as a Public Health Problem in Children: Progress Report 2001–2010 and Strategic Plan 2011–2020 (PDF). WHO Press, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. pp. 1–78. ISBN 978-92-4-150312-9.
  6. ↑ Lustigman S, Prichard RK, Gazzinelli A, Grant WN, Boatin BA, McCarthy JS, Basáñez MG (2012). "A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: the problem of helminthiases". PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 6 (4): e1582. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001582. PMC 3335854Freely accessible. PMID 22545164.
  7. ↑ Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, Hotez PJ (2006). "Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm". The Lancet. 367 (9521): 1521–1532. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68653-4. PMID 16679166.
  8. ↑ Yap P, Fürst T, Müller I, Kriemler S, Utzinger J, Steinmann P (2012). "Determining soil-transmitted helminth infection status and physical fitness of school-aged children". Journal of Visualized Experiments. 66: e3966. doi:10.3791/3966. PMID 22951972.
  9. ↑ Boatin BA, Basáñez MG, Prichard RK, Awadzi K, Barakat RM, García HH, Gazzinelli A, Grant WN, McCarthy JS, N'Goran EK, Osei-Atweneboana MY, Sripa B, Yang GJ, Lustigman S (2012). "A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: towards control and elimination". PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 6 (4): e1547. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001547. PMC 3335858Freely accessible. PMID 22545161.
  10. ↑ The Task Force for Global Health (2013). "Our Work: Children Without Worm". taskforce.org. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  11. ↑ CWW (31 January 2012). "A Comprehensive Strategy for STH Control". children-without-worms.ugal.com. Children Without Worms. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  12. ↑ Gallo K (15 October 2011). "Handwashing: Is it really all that simple?". End the Neglect. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  13. ↑ Johnson & Johnson (1997–2013). "A Comprehensive Strategy for STH Control". jnj.com. Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  14. ↑ 7 Billion Action (2011). "Improving the health of the world's children through deworming". 7billionactions.org. UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved 2013-05-31.
  15. ↑ The Pharma Letter (31 January 2012). "Research-based pharma pledges on neglected tropical diseases". thepharmaletter.com. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  16. ↑ Uniting to Combat NTDs (2012). "Children Without Worms". unitingtocombatntds.org. Uniting to Combat Neglected Tropical Diseases. Retrieved 2013-05-30.

External links

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