Edward Lloyd (Governor of Maryland)

Edward Lloyd
United States Senator
from Maryland
In office
March 4, 1819  January 14, 1826
Preceded by Robert H. Goldsborough
Succeeded by Ezekiel F. Chambers
13th Governor of Maryland
In office
June 9, 1809  November 16, 1811
Preceded by Robert Wright
Succeeded by Robert Bowie
Member of the Maryland House of Delegates
In office
1800–1805
Member of the Maryland Senate
In office
1826–1831
Personal details
Born (1779-07-22)July 22, 1779
Talbot County, Maryland
Died June 2, 1834(1834-06-02) (aged 54)
Annapolis, Maryland
Political party Democratic-Republican

Edward Lloyd V (July 22, 1779  June 2, 1834) served as the 13th Governor of Maryland from 1809 to 1811, and as a United States Senator from Maryland between 1819 and 1826. He also served as a U.S. Congressman from the seventh district of Maryland from 1807 to 1809.

Life and career

Born in 1779 at "Wye House", Talbot County, Maryland, he was a member of a prominent Eastern Shore family, "the Lloyds of Wye," which had lived in Talbot County since the mid-17th century. His father Edward Lloyd IV was a member of the Continental Congress. He received early education from private tutors.

Lloyd served in the Maryland House of Delegates from 1800 to 1805. He was elected to the Ninth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph H. Nicholson and was reelected to the Tenth Congress, serving from December 3, 1806 to March 3, 1809. In 1808, Lloyd was elected as Governor of Maryland, a position he served in from 1809 to 1811.

During this period Lloyd traded a Merino ram for "Sailor," a male Newfoundland that had a reputation for spectacularly enthusiastic water dog retrieving of ducks. The dog was bred with other retrievers at Lloyd's estate on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay. Sailor is now considered the "father" of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever line.[1]

Lloyd was commissioned a lieutenant colonel of the Ninth Regiment of Maryland Militia and also served as a member of the Maryland State Senate from 1811 to 1815. He was elected as a Democratic Republican (later Crawford Republican, then Jacksonian) to the United States Senate in 1819, was reelected in 1825, and served from March 4, 1819 until his resignation on January 14, 1826. In the Senate, Lloyd served as chairman of the Committee on the District of Columbia (Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses).

Later in life, Lloyd served as member of the Maryland State Senate from 1826 to 1831, and as President of the Senate in 1826. He died in Annapolis, Maryland, and is interred in the family burying ground at Wye House near Easton, Maryland.

Lloyd was an important slaveholder and vocal defender of the institution of slavery throughout his political career. The African-American abolitionist Frederick Douglass, who had grown up as a slave on one of Lloyd's plantations, discussed Lloyd in his 1845 autobiography The Narrative of Frederick Douglass. The book describes the acts of cruelty committed by Lloyd's overseers, and dwells at length on Lloyd's own despotic treatment, including whippings of two slaves caring for his horses:

To all these complaints no matter how unjust, the slave must answer never a word. Colonel Lloyd could not brook any contradiction from a slave. When he spoke, a slave must stand, listen, and tremble; and such was literally the case. I have seen Colonel Lloyd make old Barney, a man between fifty and sixty years of age, uncover his bald head, kneel down upon the cold, damp ground, and receive upon his naked and toil-worn shoulders more than thirty lashes at the time.[2]

References

Political offices
Preceded by
Joseph Hopper Nicholson
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Maryland's 7th congressional district

1807–1809
Succeeded by
John Brown
Preceded by
Robert Wright
Governor of Maryland
1809–1811
Succeeded by
Robert Bowie
Preceded by
William R. Stuart
President of the Maryland State Senate
1826
Succeeded by
William H. Marriott
United States Senate
Preceded by
Robert H. Goldsborough
U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Maryland
1819–1826
Served alongside: Alexander C. Hanson, William Pinkney, Samuel Smith
Succeeded by
Ezekiel F. Chambers
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