Gillian Welch

Gillian Welch

A slender, middle-aged woman with long brown hair plays guitar and sings into a microphone. She wears a cowboy hat and a red dress.

Gillian Welch performing at MerleFest in 2006
Background information
Birth name Gillian Howard Welch
Born (1967-10-02) October 2, 1967
New York City, New York, U.S.
Origin Nashville, Tennessee
Genres Bluegrass, Americana, country
Occupation(s) Singer-songwriter
Instruments Singing, acoustic guitar, banjo, drums
Associated acts Dave Rawlings Machine, Old Crow Medicine Show
Website gillianwelch.com

Gillian Howard Welch (/ˈɡɪliən ˈwɛltʃ/; born October 2, 1967) is an American singer-songwriter. She performs with her musical partner, guitarist David Rawlings. Their sparse and dark musical style, which combines elements of Appalachian music, bluegrass, and Americana, is described by The New Yorker as "at once innovative and obliquely reminiscent of past rural forms".[1]

Welch and Rawlings have released five critically acclaimed albums under the name Gillian Welch and two under the name Dave Rawlings Machine. Their 1996 debut, Revival, and the 2001 release Time (The Revelator), received nominations for the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album. Their 2003 album, Soul Journey, introduced electric guitar, drums and a more upbeat sound to their body of work. After a gap of eight years, they released their fifth studio album, The Harrow & The Harvest, in 2011, which was also nominated for a Grammy for Best Contemporary Folk Album.

Welch was associate producer and performed on two songs of the O Brother, Where Art Thou? soundtrack, a platinum album that won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year in 2002. Welch has collaborated and recorded with distinguished musicians such as Alison Krauss, Ryan Adams, Jay Farrar, Emmylou Harris, the Decemberists, and Ani DiFranco.

Early life

Gillian[a 1] Howard Welch was born on October 2, 1967 in New York City, and was adopted by Ken and Mitzie Welch, comedy and music entertainers.[1] Her biological mother was a freshman in college, and her father was a musician visiting New York City.[1][2][3] Welch has speculated that her biological father could have been one of her favorite musicians, and she later discovered from her adoptive parents that he was a drummer.[1][2][3] Alec Wilkinson of The New Yorker stated that "from an address they had been given, it appeared that her mother ... may have grown up in the mountains of North Carolina".[1] When Welch was three, her adoptive parents moved to Los Angeles to write music for The Carol Burnett Show. They also appeared on The Tonight Show.[1]
"Orphan Girl"
The first track on Gillian Welch's first album Revival. This song exemplifies Welch and Rawlings' minimal arrangements and Welch's lyrics about outcasts
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As a youngster, Welch was introduced to the music of American folk singers Bob Dylan, Woody Guthrie, and the Carter Family. She performed folk songs with her peers at the Westland Elementary School in Los Angeles.[1][4] Welch later attended Crossroads School, a high school in Santa Monica, California. While in high school, a local television program featured her as a student who "excelled at everything she did".[1]

While a student at the University of California, Santa Cruz, Welch played bass in a goth band, and drums in a psychedelic surf band.[1] In college, a roommate played an album by the bluegrass band The Stanley Brothers, and she had an epiphany:

The first song came on and I just stood up and I kind of walked into the other room as if I was in a tractor beam and stood there in front of the stereo. It was just as powerful as the electric stuff, and it was songs I'd grown up singing. All of a sudden I'd found my music.[5]

After graduating from UC Santa Cruz with a degree in photography, Welch attended the Berklee College of Music in Boston, where she majored in songwriting.[6] During her two years studying at Berklee, Welch gained confidence as a performer.[1][6] Welch met her music partner David Rawlings at a successful audition for Berklee's only country band.[7][8]

Career

A man with his head down playing a guitar with a smiling Welch also playing guitar on stage. Both play in front of microphones.
Rawlings and Welch performing in Seattle in 2009

Upon finishing college in 1992, Welch and Rawlings moved to Nashville, Tennessee.[9] She recalled, "I looked at my record collection and saw that all the music I loved had been made in Nashville—Bill Monroe, Dylan, the Stanley Brothers, Neil Young—so I moved there. Not ever thinking I was thirty years too late."[1] Rawlings soon followed. In Nashville, after singing "Long Black Veil", the two first realized that their voices harmonized well and they started to perform as a duo.[1] They never considered using a working name, so the duo were simply billed as "Gillian Welch".[1] A year after moving to Nashville, Welch found a manager, Denise Stiff, who already managed Alison Krauss. Both Welch and Stiff ignored frequent advice that Welch should stop playing with Rawlings and join a band.[1][4] They eventually signed a recording contract with Almo Sounds.[4] Following a performance opening for Peter Rowan at the Station Inn, producer T-Bone Burnett expressed interest in recording an album. Burnett did not plan to disturb Welch's and Rawlings' preference for minimal instrumentation, and Welch agreed to take him on as a producer.[10]

Revival

For the recording sessions of Welch's debut, Revival, Burnett wanted to recapture the bare sound of Welch's live performance.[10] Welch recalled, "That first week was really intense. It was just T-Bone, the engineer, and Dave and myself. We got so inside our little world. There was very little distance between our singing and playing. The sound was very immediate. It was so light and small."[10] Later, they recorded several more songs and played with an expanded group of musicians; guitarist and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee James Burton, bassist Roy Huskey, Jr., and veteran session drummers Jim Keltner, and Buddy Harman.[10]

The album was released in April 1996 to positive reviews. Mark Deming of Allmusic called it a "superb debut" and wrote, "Welch's debts to artists of the past are obvious and clearly acknowledged, but there's a maturity, intelligence, and keen eye for detail in her songs you wouldn't expect from someone simply trying to ape the Carter Family."[11] Bill Friskics-Warren of No Depression praised the album as "breathtakingly austere evocations of rural culture".[10] The Arlington Heights, Illinois Daily Herald's Mark Guarino observed that Revival was "cheered and scrutinized as a staunch revivalist of Depression-era music only because her originals sounded so much like that era." He attributed this to the biblical imagery of the lyrics, Burnett's threadbare production, and the plainly-sung bleakness in Welch's vocals.[12] Ann Powers of Rolling Stone gave Revival a lukewarm review and criticized Welch for not singing of her own experiences, and "manufacturing emotion."[13] Robert Christgau echoed Powers: Welch "just doesn't have the voice, eye, or way with words to bring her simulation off."[14] Revival was nominated for the 1997 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album, but lost to Bruce Springsteen's The Ghost of Tom Joad.[15]

Hell Among The Yearlings

The duo's 1998 Hell Among the Yearlings continued the rustic and dark themes; the songs' subject matter varies from a female character killing a rapist, a mining accident, a murder ballad, and an ode to morphine before death.[16] Like Revival, Hell Among The Yearlings featured a sparse style that focused on Rawlings and Welch's voices and guitars.[16][17]

Welch singing and playing guitar on stage, wearing a black dress.
Gillian Welch performing at the 2007 New Orleans Jazz Fest

The album also received favorable reviews. Robert Wilonsky of the Dallas Observer observed that Welch "inhabits a role so completely, the fiction separating character and audience disappears".[18] Thom Owens (Allmusic) stated that the album "lacks some of the focus" of Revival, but is "a thoroughly satisfying second album" and proof that her debut was not a fluke.[19] No Depression's Farnum Brown commended the live and "immediate feel" of the album, Welch's clawhammer banjo,[20] and Rawlings' harmonies.[15] Similar to Revival, Welch was praised for reflecting influences such as the Stanley Brothers, but still managing to create an original sound,[17] while Chris Herrington from Minneapolis's City Pages criticized the songs' lack of authenticity. He wrote "Welch doesn't write folk songs; she writes folk songs about writing folk songs."[21]

O Brother, Where Art Thou?

A man and two women crowded around a microphone and singing. The man is on the left and wearing a dark blue suit and a white cowboy hat. Welch, in the middle, is wearing a black dress, and the woman on the right is wearing a green dress.
David Rawlings, Gillian Welch and Alison Krauss performing at the 2008 Austin City Limits Music Festival

Welch sang two songs and served as the associate producer for the Burnett-produced soundtrack to the 2000 film of the same name.[22] She shared vocals with Alison Krauss on a rendition of the gospel song "I'll Fly Away." Dave McKenna of The Washington Post praised their version: the singers "soar together."[23] Burnett and Welch wrote additional lyrics for the song "Didn't Leave Nobody but the Baby," sung by Welch, Emmylou Harris, and Krauss. The song is an elaboration of an old Mississippi tune discovered by Alan Lomax, and was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals.[24] The platinum album won the 2002 Grammy Award for Album of the Year. The surprise success of the soundtrack gave Welch a career boost.[25][26] Welch also made a cameo appearance in the film.[27]

Time (The Revelator)

When Universal Music Group purchased Almo Sounds, Welch began her own independent label, Acony Records (named for the Appalachian wildflower, Acony Bell, subject of the song of that name on Revival).[4][12] Rawlings produced the first release on Welch's new label, the 2001 album Time (The Revelator).[12][28] All but one song on the album was recorded in the historic RCA Studio B in Nashville.[29] "I Want To Sing That Rock and Roll" was recorded live at the Ryman Auditorium in the recording sessions for the concert film Down from the Mountain.

A slender, bearded, middle-aged man in a blue shirt and jeans and Welch in a black dress playing guitar on stage. Welch is singing.
David Rawlings and Gillian Welch performing at the 2009 Newport Folk Festival

Welch has said the album is about American history, rock 'n' roll, and country music.[30] There are songs about the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the Titanic Disaster, John Henry, and Elvis Presley.[29] Time continues Welch and Rawlings' style of mellow and sparse arrangements. Welch explained, "As opposed to being little tiny folk songs or traditional songs, they're really tiny rock songs. They're just performed in this acoustic setting. In our heads we went electric without changing instruments."[31]

Time (The Revelator) received extensive critical praise, most of which focused on the evolution of lyrics from mountain ballads.[22][31][32] For Michael Shannon Friedman of The Charleston Gazette, "Welch's soul-piercing, backwoods quaver has always been a treasure, but on this record her songwriting is absolutely stunning."[32] Critics compare the last track, the 15-minute "I Dream a Highway", to classics by Bob Dylan and Neil Young. Zac Johnson of Allmusic described I Dream... as akin to "sweetly dozing in the [river] current like Huck and Jim's Mississippi River afternoons".[31][32] No Depression's Grant Alden wrote, "Welch and Rawlings have gathered ... fragments from across the rich history of American music and reset them as small, subtle jewels adorning their own keenly observed, carefully constructed language."[22] Time finished thirteenth in the 2001 Village Voice Pazz & Jop music critic poll.[33] Time (The Revelator) appeared in best of decade lists of Rolling Stone, Paste, Uncut, The Irish Times, and the Ottawa Citizen.[28][34][35][36][37] The album was nominated for the 2002 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album, but lost to Bob Dylan's Love and Theft.[38] Time peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard Independent Album chart.[39]

The Revelator Collection DVD was released in 2002. It featured live performances and music videos of songs from Time, and some covers. The concert footage was filmed in 2001, and the music videos included Welch and Rawlings performing three songs at RCA Studio B. No Depression's Barry Mazor praised the DVD as an accompaniment for Time, calling it "one last exclamation point on that memorable and important project".[40]

Soul Journey
"Wrecking Ball"
The final track on Gillian Welch's fourth album Soul Journey. The electric guitar and drums represent a new sound for Welch and David Rawlings
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For the 2003 release, Soul Journey, Welch and Rawlings explored new territory. Welch said: "I wanted to make it a happier record. Out of our four records, I thought this might be the one where you're driving down the road listening to it on a sunny summer day."[41] Rawlings again produced the record. The album also reflected a change in the typically sparse instrumentation: Welch and Rawlings introduced a dobro, violin, electric bass and drums, and Welch later said, "Everything's not supposed to sound the same, you want it to reflect change and growth."[7]

A skinny man in a white shirt and burnt red pants on stage stares into the camera while Welch next to him in a white dress focuses on playing her guitar. The man looks to be in his 20s.
Justin Townes Earle & Gillian Welch performing in 2009

In three songs of Soul Journey, for the first time Welch and Rawlings recorded their own versions of traditional folk songs.[42] On the original compositions, Welch's lyrics are more autobiographical than previous albums.[12]

The album received mixed reviews. Allmusic's Zac Johnson wrote that it was "too casual and off-the-cuff", but called it a "wonderful, dusty summertime front-porch album, full of whiskey drawls and sly smiles, floorboard stomps and screen-door creaks".[43] Jon Caramanica of Rolling Stone criticized the slower songs as stagnant, but complimented the upbeat songs.[44] Soul Journey also garnered significant acclaim. John Harris of Mojo magazine described the album as "pretty much perfect", and Uncut's Barney Hoskyns favorably compared it to Bob Dylan and The Band's The Basement Tapes.[45][46] Will Hermes of Entertainment Weekly wrote that Welch has "never sounded deeper, realer, or sexier."[47] Soul Journey peaked at No. 107 on the Billboard charts, and reached No. 3 for Independent Albums.[48]

Dave Rawlings Machine

Welch and Rawlings continued their partnership in the band Dave Rawlings Machine. Welch co-wrote five of the songs with Rawlings, and provided guitar and harmony vocals.[49][50] Andy Gill of The Independent described the 2009 debut album A Friend of a Friend as "akin to one of Welch's albums, but with the balance of their harmonies swapped to favour Rawlings' voice".[51] Although ostensibly Rawlings' first solo album, Alex Ramon of PopMatters noted the similarities to Welch albums.[50] Paste Magazine's Stephen Deusner praised A Friend of a Friend for incorporating "a wide swath of traditional American music," comments echoed by Rolling Stone's Will Hermes and in the PopMatters piece.[50][52][53]

On September 18, 2015, the duo released their second album under the band title Dave Rawlings Machine, Nashville Obsolete. The band includes Willie Watson, Paul Kowert, Brittany Haas, and occasionally includes Jordan Tice.

The Harrow & The Harvest

In a 2007 feature in The Guardian, critic John Harris expressed frustration that there had not been a Gillian Welch release in four years.[54] Creation Records founder Alan McGee showed optimism about Welch and Rawlings testing out some new songs while opening some concerts for Rilo Kiley, and wrote in a 2009 blog entry "the long gestation period signals nothing less than a perfect album".[55] In 2009, Rawlings said that recording for the next Gillian Welch album has started, but did not give a release date.[56]

The Harrow & The Harvest was released on June 28, 2011.[57] Welch attributed the long time period between releases to dissatisfaction with the songs they were writing.[58] She explained: "Our songcraft slipped and I really don't know why. It's not uncommon. It's something that happens to writers. It's the deepest frustration we have come through, hence the album title."[58] The writing process involved "this endless back and forth between the two of us," Welch said, stating that "It’s our most intertwined, co-authored, jointly-composed album."[59]

The album received praise from publications such as The Los Angeles Times, Uncut, and Rolling Stone.[60][61][62] Thom Jurek of Allmusic wrote that the album "is stunning for its intimacy, its lack of studio artifice, its warmth and its timeless, if hard won, songcraft".[63]

The album peaked at No. 20 on the US Billboard 200 and No. 25 on the UK Albums Chart.[64][65] It was nominated for a Grammy for Best Contemporary Folk Album, as well as Best Engineered Album.

Musical style

Welch and Rawlings incorporate elements of early twentieth century music such as old time, classic country, gospel and traditional bluegrass with modern elements of rhythm and blues, rock 'n' roll, jazz, and punk rock.[1] The New Yorker's Alec Wilkinson maintained their musical style is "not easily classified—it is at once innovative and obliquely reminiscent of past rural forms".[1]

A middle-aged man wearing a dark suit playing guitar while Welch in a black striped dress plays a banjo and sings on stage.
Gillian Welch playing banjo in a performance with David Rawlings

The instrumentation on their songs is usually a simple arrangement, with Welch and Rawlings accompanying their own vocals with acoustic guitars, banjos, or a mandolin.[1] Welch plays rhythm guitar with a 1956 Gibson J-50 (or banjo), while Rawlings plays lead on a 1935 Epiphone Olympic Guitar.[66] The New Yorker's Wilkinson described Rawlings as a "strikingly inventive guitarist" who plays solos that are "daring melodic leaps".[1] A review in No Depression by Andy Moore observed that Rawlings "squeezes, strokes, chokes and does just about everything but blow into" his guitar.[67]

Themes

Many songs performed by Welch and Rawlings contain dark themes about social outcasts struggling against such elements as poverty, drug addiction, death, a disconnection from their family, and an unresponsive God.[1] Despite Welch being the lead singer, several of these characters are male.[1] Welch has commented, "To be commercial, everybody wants happy love songs. People would flat-out ask me, 'Don't you have any happy love songs?' Well, as a matter of fact, I don't. I've got songs about orphans and morphine addicts."[9] To reflect these themes, Welch and Rawlings often employ a slow pace to their songs. Their tempo is compared to a "slow heartbeat", and Cowperthwait of Rolling Stone observed that their songs "can lull you into near-hypnosis and then make your jaw drop with one final revelation".[1][68]

Reception

Welch in a green tanktop sings into a microphone while playing guitar.
Gillian Welch performing at the 2009 Newport Folk Festival

Welch has received broad critical praise. Geoffrey Himes of The Washington Post described Welch as "one of the most interesting singer-songwriters of her generation".[69] In 2003, Tom Kielty of The Boston Globe observed that she was "quietly establishing one of the most impressive catalogs in contemporary roots music", and a 2007 piece in The Guardian by John Harris called Welch "one of the decade's greatest talents".[54][70] Critic Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "At every turn, she demonstrates a spark and commitment that should endear her to anyone from country and folk to pop and rock fans who appreciate imagination and heart."[71]

When Welch's first two albums came out, critics questioned the authenticity of her music, as she was raised in Southern California, but performed Appalachian themed songs.[8][17][72] For Revival, Welch was criticized for "manufacturing emotion", and a review of Hell Among the Yearlings by Chris Herrington of City Pages stated, "Welch is someone who discovered old-time music in college and decided that her own sheltered life could never be worth writing about", and that she is "completely devoid of individuality".[13][21] Other critics rejected the notion that her background affects the authenticity of her music. Music critic Mark Kemp defended Welch in a The New York Times piece:

The first-person protagonist of Ms. Welch’s song ("Caleb Meyer") may be a young girl from a time and place that Ms. Welch will never fully understand, but the feelings the singer expresses about rape, and the respect she displays for her chosen musical genre, are nothing if not poignantly authentic. Likewise, it matters not whether Ms. Welch has ever walked the streets of "the black dust towns of East Tennessee" about which she sings in "Miner's Refrain" because the sense of foreboding that she expresses for the men who once labored in coal mines with futile hopes of a better life comes through loud and clear.[73]

The Wall Street Journal's Taylor Holliday echoed this: "Stingy critics give Ms. Welch a hard time because she's a California city girl, not an Appalachian coal miner's daughter. But as Lucinda or Emmylou might attest, love of the music is not a birthright, but an earned right. Listen to Ms. Welch yodel, in a tune about that no-good "gal" Morphine, and you know she's as mountain as they come." [17]

On September 16, 2015 the duo was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award for Songwriting by the Americana Music Association.

Influences and collaborations

A bearded man who looks to be in his 60s wearing a dark red shirt and Welch, smiling, with her arm around him. Huge white tents are in the background.
Bob Weir of the Grateful Dead and Gillian Welch at Hardly Strictly Bluegrass

". . it wasn’t until I became friends with Dave and Gil, about ten years ago, that I had people who understood songwriting and could express it to me in a way that left out the guesswork."[74]

Ketch Secor, Old Crow Medicine Show

Welch emphasizes music from a previous era as her major influence. She said that "by and large I listen to people who are dead. I'm really of the tried-and-true school. I let 50 years go by and see what's really relevant."[72] Welch has acknowledged inspiration from several traditional country artists, including the Stanley Brothers, the Carter Family, the Louvin Brothers, and the Blue Sky Boys.[1][75] She explained her relationship with traditional music by saying, "I've never tried to be traditional. It's been a springboard for me and I love it and revere it and would not be doing what I do without the music of the Monroe Brothers, the Stanley Brothers and the Carter Family. However, it was clear I was never going to be able to do exactly that; I'm a songwriter."[76]

In addition to the strong country influence, Welch also draws on a repertoire of such rock 'n' roll artists as Bob Dylan, Chuck Berry, Neil Young, the Grateful Dead and the Velvet Underground.[1][8][77] She has noted alternative rock bands Throwing Muses, Pixies and Camper Van Beethoven "don't directly inform my music, but they're in there."[72][77]

Welch has recorded songs with a variety of notable artists, including Ryan Adams, Ani DiFranco, Emmylou Harris, Jay Farrar, Alison Krauss, Old Crow Medicine Show, Bright Eyes, Robyn Hitchcock, Steve Earle, Ralph Stanley, The Decemberists, Solomon Burke and Mark Knopfler.[7][8][52][78][79] Welch and Rawlings' contributions on Hitchcock's album Spooked was described by Christopher Bahn of The A.V. Club as "subtle but vital".[80] She later created the cover art for Hitchcock's 2014 album The Man Upstairs.[81] Mark Deming of Allmusic wrote that their work on Ryan Adams' album Heartbreaker "brought out the best in Adams".[82][83]

Artists who have recorded songs written by Welch include Jimmy Buffett, Alison Krauss and Union Station, Trisha Yearwood, Joan Baez, Brad Mehldau & Chris Thile, Allison Moorer, Emmylou Harris, Miranda Lambert, Kathy Mattea and ZZ Top.[1][7][84][85][86][87]

Performances

A group of musicicans, including Welch and four men, crowd around two microphones, passionately singing. There are three guitarists and one man playing a stand-up bass.
The Dave Rawlings Machine performing at Waterloo Records in Austin, Texas, 2009

Welch and Rawlings have played many music festivals, including The Newport Folk Festival, Coachella Festival, The Telluride Bluegrass Festival, The Cambridge Folk Festival, MerleFest, The Austin City Limits Festival, and Farm Aid.[8][76][88][89][90][91][92][93][94] They have toured North America extensively, and have played in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.[8][20][76][95] Concert reviews have praised the chemistry between Welch and Rawlings on stage.[7][95][96] Tizzy Asher of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer wrote "there was a startling unspoken intimacy between them. They anticipated each other's movements and shifted when necessary to fit each other."[96]

The Dave Rawlings Machine have toured North America, with the band originally composed of Rawlings, Welch and three members of Old Crow Medicine Show.[97] The band is currently composed of Rawlings, Welch, Wilie Watson, Paul Kowart, and Brittany Haas. Welch and Rawlings also participate in group tours with notable musicians. In 2004, they were part of the Sweet Harmony Traveling Revue, a three-week US tour with Patty Griffin, Buddy Miller and Emmylou Harris.[98] In 2009, The Dave Rawlings Machine joined Old Crow Medicine Show, the Felice Brothers and Justin Townes Earle for the Big Surprise Tour, a US tour described as a "roots-music extravaganza".[99] In 2011, Welch was a support act for Buffalo Springfield, who reformed and toured that year.[100]

Discography

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Pronounced with a hard /ɡ/

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Wilkinson, Alec (20 September 2004). "The Ghostly Ones". The New Yorker. Retrieved February 2016. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  2. 1 2 Harris, John (3 June 2003). "USA today". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  3. 1 2 Haiken, Melanie (23 July 2003). "The Orphan Girl Opens Up". Paste Magazine. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Lewis, Randy (30 September 2004). "Where the soul leads". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  5. ↑ Simmons, Sylvie (25 September 2005). "Hillbilly Millionaire". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  6. 1 2 Alden, Grant; Peter Blackstock (2005). Grant Alden, Peter Blackstock, ed. The Best of No Depression: Writing about American Music. University of Texas Press. p. 219. ISBN 0-292-70989-7. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Reed, James (7 November 2003). "Gillian Welch thrives in an old-time niche". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Best, Sophie (5 November 2004). "Beverly hillbilly". The Age. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
  9. 1 2 Sexton, Paul (1 February 2003). "Another Country". The Times.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Friskics-Warren, Bill (Summer 1996). "Orphan Girl of the Hollywood hills finds a high lonesome musical home in the heart of the Appalachians". No Depression. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
  11. ↑ Deming, Mark. "Revival: Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Guarino, Mark (12 September 2003). "Soul Journeying: Gillian Welch steps back in moving ahead". Chicago Daily Herald. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  13. 1 2 Powers, Ann. "Gillian Welch". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
  14. ↑ Christgau, Robert. "Gillian Welch". robertchristgau.com. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  15. 1 2 Brown, Farnum. "Hell Among The Yearlings". No Depression. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  16. 1 2 Santelli, Robert (12 August 1998). "Gillian Welch: Hell Among The Yearlings". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Holliday, Taylor (21 August 1998). "The Divas of Credible Country—There's more to Nashville than meets the ears of radio listeners". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  18. ↑ Wilonsky, Robert (23 July 1998). "Out There". The Dallas Observer. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  19. ↑ Owens, Thom. "Hell Among the Yearlings: Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  20. 1 2 Wilson, MacKenzie (7 August 2001). "liveDaily Interview: Singer-songwriter Gillian Welch". LiveDaily. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
  21. 1 2 Herrington, Chris (29 July 1998). "Gillian Welch: Hell Among the Yearlings". City Pages. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  22. 1 2 3 Alden, Grant (September–October 2001). "Quicksilver Girl". No Depression. Retrieved 10 January 2010.
  23. ↑ McKenna, Dave (24 December 2000). "'O Brother': This One's a Keeper". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 12, 2010.
  24. ↑ Orr, Jay (7 January 2002). "O Brother, Williams Tribute Corner Country Grammy Nods". CMT.com. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  25. ↑ Appleford, Steve (16 May 2003). "Settling nicely into her skin". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 10 January 2010.
  26. ↑ Curtis, Kim (6 November 2003). "The duet known as Gillian Welch". Associated Press. MSNBC. Retrieved 10 January 2010.
  27. ↑ Turan, Kenneth (December 22, 2000). "Coens Sing a Song of the South in 'O Brother'". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  28. 1 2 Simpson, Peter (26 December 2009). "Top 10 in popular music". The Ottawa Citizen.
  29. 1 2 Bessman, Jim (4 August 2001). "Gillian Welch goes back 'In Time' on Acony Disc". Billboard. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  30. ↑ Donovan, Patrick (4 May 2004). "Bluegrass revelations". The Age. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  31. 1 2 3 Johnson, Zac. "Time (The Revelator) > Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  32. 1 2 3 Michael Shannon, Friedman (3 January 2002). "Best of 2001: ; Gillian, Bob, Bruce and other music world highlights". Charleston Gazette.
  33. ↑ "Pazz & Jop 2001: Critics Poll". Robert Christgau. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  34. ↑ Paste Staff (2 November 2009). "The 50 Best Albums of the Decade (2000–2009)". Paste. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  35. ↑ Rolling Stone staff and music industry contributors (December 9, 2009). "100 Best Albums of the Decade". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 10, 2009.
  36. ↑ Uncut Staff. "Uncut's 150 of the decade". Uncut Magazine. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  37. ↑ Murphy, Lauren (1 December 2009). "What, no Westlife? The best albums of the decade". The Irish Times. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  38. ↑ "Complete list of Grammy nominations". The Seattle Times. 4 January 2002. Retrieved 11 January 2010.
  39. ↑ "Independent Albums". Billboard.com. Retrieved 16 January 2010.
  40. ↑ Mazor, Barry (Jan–Feb 2003). "Let 'em roll". No Depression. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
  41. ↑ Rowe, Jeri (16 October 2003). "Welch getting used to spotlight, daylight". Greensboro News-Record.
  42. ↑ Blackstock, Peter. "The road not taken". No Depression. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  43. ↑ Johnson, Zac. "Soul Journey > Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  44. ↑ Caramanica, Jon (12 June 2003). "Gillian Welch: Soul Journey : Music Reviews : Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  45. ↑ Hoskyns, Barney (September 2003). "Gillian Welch: Soul Journey". Uncut. p. 96. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  46. ↑ Harris, John (July 2003). "Gillian Welch". Mojo. p. 116. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  47. ↑ Hermes, Will (6 June 2003). "Soul Journey". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
  48. ↑ "Soul Journey—Gillian Welch". Billboard.com. Retrieved 16 January 2010.
  49. ↑ Keiper, Nicole (30 September 2009). "Dave Rawlings takes center stage with 'Friend of a Friend'". The Tennessean. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
  50. 1 2 3 Ramon, Alex (14 January 2010). "Dave Rawlings Machine". PopMatters. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  51. ↑ Gill, Andy (13 November 2009). "Album: Dave Rawlings Machine, A Friend of a Friend". The Independent. London. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
  52. 1 2 Deusner, Stephen (12 November 2009). "Dave Rawlings Machine: A Friend of a Friend". Paste Magazine. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
  53. ↑ Hermes, Will (16 November 2009). "A Friend of a Friend: Dave Rawlings: Review". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  54. 1 2 Harris, John (11 May 2007). "What's the deal with Welch?". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
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  92. ↑ Churchill, William (4 May 2004). "MerleFest 2004: Doc, Vince, Patty, Mindy and More". Country Music Television. Retrieved 15 January 2010.
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  94. ↑ Hoekstra, Dave; Holly George-Warren; Willie Nelson (2005). Farm Aid: a song for America. Rodale. p. 185. ISBN 1-59486-285-0.
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