Hoplophyllum
| Hoplophyllum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | unplaced |
| Genus: | Hoplophyllum A. P. de Candolle |
| Type species | |
| Hoplophyllum spinosum ( Linnaeus filius) A. P. de Candolle | |
| Species | |
|
Hoplophyllum spinosum | |
Hoplophyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. [1] It has two species, Hoplophyllum spinosum and Hoplophyllum ferox, both native to South Africa. [2]
Both species are shrubs. The leaves are hard and spine-tipped, much longer than wide, and either cylindrical or somewhat flattened. They are grooved with stripes running lengthwise. The type species is Hoplophyllum spinosum. [3]
Hoplophyllum is derived from two Greek words, hoplon "a tool or weapon" and phyllon "a leaf", a reference to the spiny leaves. [4]
The name Hoplophyllum was originated in 1836 by A.P. de Candolle [5] when he assigned Hoplophyllum spinosum to this genus in his classic work Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. [6] This species had originally been named Pteronia spinosa by Linnaeus filius in 1782 in his book Supplementum Plantarum. [7]
The closest relative of Hoplophyllum is Eremothamnus, another native of southern Africa. [8] In one classification, published in 2009, these two formed the tribe Eremothamneae. [9] Other authors have placed them in the tribe Arctotideae. [1]
References
- 1 2 Per Ola Karis. 2007. "Arctotideae" pages 200-207. In: Klaus Kubitzki (series editor); Joachim W. Kadereit and Charles Jeffrey (volume editors). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VIII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN 978-3-540-31050-1
- ↑ David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
- ↑ Hoplophyllum In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
- ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II). (see External links below).
- ↑ Hoplophyllum At: International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
- ↑ Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1836. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 5:73-74. (see External links below).
- ↑ Carolus Linnaeus the Younger. 1782. Supplementum Plantarum Systematis Vegetabilium:357. (see External links below).
- ↑ Vicki A. Funk, Raymund Chan, Stirling C. Keeley. 2004. "Insights into the evolution of the tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: subfamily Cichorioideae s.s.) using trnL-F, ndhF, and ITS". Taxon 53(3):637-655.
- ↑ Vicki A. Funk, Alfonso Susanna, Tod F. Stuessy, and Randall J. Bayer. 2009. Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Compositae. IAPT (International Association for Plant Taxonomy). ISBN 978-3-9501754-3-1 (see External links below).
External links
- Hoplophyllum At:Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
- CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: D-L At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press
- Hoplophyllum At: IPNI
- Hoplophyllum In: Prodr. (DC.) vol. 5
- Supplementum Plantarum At: botanicus