Jainendra Kumar
| Jainendra Kumar | |
|---|---|
| Born |
January 2, 1905 Kodiyaganj, Aligarh, British India |
| Died | December 24, 1988 (aged 83) |
| Language | Hindi |
| Nationality | British Indian, Republic of India |
| Notable works |
|
| Notable awards |
Padma Bhushan 1971 Sahitya Akademi Fellowship 1979 Sahitya Akademi Award 1966 |
Jainendra Kumar (जैनेन्द्र कुमार, 2 January 1905 - 24 December 1988), was an influential Hindi writer of 20th century. He explored the human psyche in novels such as Sunita and Tyagapatra.
He was awarded one of India's highest civil honours Padma Bhushan in 1971.[1] He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1966, for his work Muktibodh (Novelette), and its highest award, the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in 1979.[2]
Biography
Jainendra Kumar was born as Anandi Lal on January 2, 1905, in Kodiyaganj, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. He received his early education at Rishabh Bhrahmacharyashram, Hastinapur, Uttar Pradesh, which was founded by his maternal uncle. It was here that he got his name Jainendra Kumar. He left the place in 1912 and went to give metric exams in private in 12 from Punjab.
Thereafter he joined Banaras Hindu University (BHU), for higher education, though he left even that in the favour of joining the Non-cooperation movement of Mahatma Gandhi. He started writing around 1926, after unsuccessfully trying hand at business in Calcutta. His first collection of stories title Phansi (फांसी) came out in 1930.
He was closely involved in the Indian Freedom Struggle. Along with Munshi Premchand, he established the Hindustani Sabhaa in Lahore where Dr. Zakir Hussain and Josh Malihabadi were some of the noted members. After the death of Premchand, he became the editor of Hans. He was closely associated with the luminaries of Indian Freedom Struggle like Mahatma Gandhi, Vinoba Bhave, Rabindranath Tagore and others.
He died on December 24, 1988.
Literary Works
- Suneeta
- Neelam Desh ki Rajkanya
- Ek Raat
- Vatayan
- Parakh
- Ankita
- Sukhda
- Kalyani
- Jayvardhan
- Dashark
- Akal Purush Gandhi
- Premchand: Ek Krati Vyaktitva
- Sahitya ka Shrey Aur Prey
- Samay Aur Hum
- Jeevan Sahitya Aur Paramparayein
- Gandhi aur Humara Samay Tatha Sanskriti
- Khel
- Pajeb
- Patni
- Apna Apna Bhagya
Translations
- Prem Mein Bhagwaan
- Paap Aur Prakash
- Yama
Awards and Honors
- Hindustan Academy Puraskar, 1929 for Parakh
- Sahitya Akademi Award, 1953 for Paap Aur Prakash
- Hastimal Dalmiya Puraskar, 1965 for Muktibodh
- Padma Bhushan, 1971
- Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, 1979