List of counts at Sponheim
The County of Sponheim went through roughly three main phases during the course of the centuries. The first one lasted from the beginnings in the 11th century until the first divisions of the county between two Sponheimish lines around 1234. In this first period the region was ruled by a single count.
In the second phase the county was managed by two counts. The “Further” County (Vordere Grafschaft) of Sponheim was ruled by the line Sponheim-Kreuznach with residence at Castle Kauzenburg near Kreuznach. The "Hinder" County (Hintere Grafschaft) of Sponheim was ruled by the Sponheim-Starkenburg line, with residence at first at Castle Starkenburg near Enkirch and after 1350 at Castle Grevenburg near Trarbach. This phase lasted nearly to the extinction of both lines in 1437.
Finally in the third phase both parts of the county were managed by joint rulers as a condominium. The management of the “Hinder” County of Sponheim was divided between a collateral palatine line (House of Palatinate-Simmern, later House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, later still House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld) and Baden, the management of the “Further” County of Sponheim roughly between Baden and the Electoral Palatinate. The ruling houses of the Sponheimish condominium were matrilineal descendants of the House of Sponheim and took on the title of Count at Sponheim (Graf zu Sponheim).
Sponheim
- Eberhard I (?–1044)
- Siegfried I (1044–1065), Margrave of the Hungarian March
- Stephen I (?–ca. 1080)
- Stephen II (ca. 1080–ca. 1118)
- Meginhard I (ca. 1118–1136 or 1145)
- Godfrey I (1136 or 1135–1159)
- Godfrey II (1165–1183)
- Godfrey III (1195–1218)
“Further” County of Sponheim
Sponheim-Kreuznach
- Simon I (1223–1264)
- John I (1265–1290)
- John II (1290–1340)
- Simon II (1290–1336)
- Walram (1336–1380)
- Simon III (1380–1414)
- Elizabeth (1414–1417)
Joint rulers of the “Further” County of Sponheim
Electoral Palatinate
- Louis III (1417–1436)
- Louis IV (1436–1449)
- Frederick I (1449–1476), at first regent; 1451 Prince Elector
- Philip (1476–1508, O.C. 1480)
- Louis V (1508–1544)
- Frederick II (1544–1556)
- Otto Henry (1556–1559)
(Succession to Palatinate-Simmern line)
Veldenz and Palatinate-Simmern
- Frederick III, Count of Veldenz (1437–1444, O.C. 1437)
- Frederick I, Count Palatine (1444–1480, O.C. 1453)
- John I (1480–1509, O.C. 1508)
- John II (1509–1557, O.C. 1527)
- Frederick III, 1559 Prince Elector (1557–1576, O.C. 1569)
- Louis VI, Prince Elector (1576–1583)
- Frederick IV, Prince Elector (1583–1610, O.C. 1588)
- Louis Philip at Simmern (1610–1655), until 1622 single holder, O.C.
- Louis Henry at Simmern (1655–1674)
- Charles I Louis, Prince Elector (1674–1680, O.C. 1677)
- Charles II, Prince Elector (1680–1685)
(Extinction of the Simmern line, succession to Palatinate-Neuburg)
Palatinate-Neuburg
- Philip William, Prince Elector (1685–1690)
- John William, Prince Elector (1690–1716, O.C. 1707)
- Charles III Philip, Prince Elector (1716–1742)
- Charles Theodore, Prince Elector (1742–1799, O.C. 1761)
(Rightful successor was Count Palatine Maximilian of Zweibrücken (see “Hinder” County))
Baden-Baden
- James I (1437–1453, O.C. 1444)
- Charles I (1453–1463) (1463 until January 1508 pledged to Electoral Palatinate)
- Philipp I (1508–1533, O.C. 1509) (1533/1534 disputed, 27 March 1534 to Baden-Baden)
- Bernard III (1534–1536)
- Philibert (1536–1569, O.C. 1557)
- Philipp II (1569–1588, O.C. 1576)
- Edward Fortunatus (1588–1600) (1600 until November 1622 no Badenish joint ruler, Electoral-Palatine holding only)
- William (1622–1677, O.C. 1655)
- Louis William (1677–1707, O.C. 1680)
- Louis George Simpert (1707–1761, O.C. 1716)
- Augustus George Simpert (1761–1771)
(Extinction of the Baden-Baden line, succession falls to Baden-Durlach line)
- Charles Frederick (1771–1811)
“Hinder” County of Sponheim
Sponheim-Starkenburg
- John I (1223–1266)
- Henry I (1266–1289)
- John II (1289–1324)
- Henry II († 1323)
- Loretta (1324–1331)
- John III (1331–1398)
- John IV (1398–1411)
- John V (1411–1437)
Joint rulers of the Rear County of Sponheim
- Frederick III, Count at Veldenz and Sponheim (1437–1444, O.C. 1437)
Palatinate-Simmern/-Birkenfeld/-Zweibrücken
- Frederick I, Count Palatine (1444–1480, O.C. 1453)
- John I (1480–1509)
- John II (1509–1557, O.C. 1527)
- Frederick II, 1559 Prince Elector Frederick III (1557–1560), as pledgeholder 1569 to 1571
Palatinate-Zweibrücken
Palatinate-Birkenfeld
- Charles I at Birkenfeld (1584–1600, O.C. 1588)
- George William (1600–1669, O.C. 1600), until 1618 under custody
- Charles II Otto (1669–1671)
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler receives Birkenfeld
- Christian II at Bischweiler (1671–1717, O.C. 1677)
Palatinate-Bischweiler-Birkenfeld acquires Zweibrücken
- Christian III, since 1731 at Zweibrücken (1717–1735)
- Christian IV (1735–1775, O.C. 1761)
- Charles III Augustus Christian (1775–1795)
- Maximilian I (IV) Joseph, Prince Elector of Palatinate-Bavaria, 1806 King of Bavaria, heir 1799 also to the share of the “Further” County
Baden
- James I (1437–1453, O.C. 1444)
- Charles I (1453–1475)
- Christoph I (1475–1527, O.C. 1480)
- Bernard III at Baden (1527–1536)
- Philibert (1536–1569, O.C. 1557)
- Philip II (1569–1588, O.C. 1569)
- Edward Fortunatus (1588–1600) (1600–1605 no Badish joint ruler)
- George Frederick at Durlach (1605–1622)
- William (1622–1677, O.C. 1669)
- Louis William (1677–1683), brother (from 1683 to 1697 the Baden share was held by Leopold Wilhelm's widow, Margravine Marie Francisca b. Countess of Fürstenberg)
- Louis George Simpert (1697–1761, O.C. 1717)
- Augustus George Simpert (1761–1771)
- Charles Frederick (1771–1811)
Notes
- O.C. = Oldest Count
References
- (German) Mötsch, Johannes: Ein Kondominatsbesitz - Die Vordere und die Hintere Grafschaft Spohnheim (Website from Wolfgang Morscheck)
- (German) Genealogia Sponhemica. Archiv für rheinische Geschichte Coblenz, 1.1833 - 2.1835. Zweiter Teil 1835. http://www.dilibri.de/rlb/periodical/pageview/27862