List of state leaders in 1785

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1785.

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Osei Kwame Panyin, Asantehene (1777–1803)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Kpengla (1774–1789)
• Ethiopian Empire – Iyasu III (1784–1788)
• Imamate of Futa Toro – Abdul Kaader, Almami of Futa Toro (1776–1807)
• Kingdom of Koya – Nembanga (1775–1793)
• Zulu – Senzangakhona kaJama, King of the Zulu (1781–1816)

Americas

• United States – Presidents of the United States in Congress Assembled:
  1. Richard Henry Lee, 30 November 1784 to 23 November 1785
  2. John Hancock, 23 November 1785 to 6 June 1786
• Vermont Republic – Thomas Chittenden, Governor of Vermont (13 March 1778 – 13 October 1789)

Asia

• Durrani Empire – Timur Shah Durrani (1772–1793)
• China (Qing dynasty) – Qianlong Emperor (1735–1796)
• Empire of Japan
  • Monarch – Kōkaku (1780–1817)
  • Tokugawa shogunate – Tokugawa Ieharu (1760–1786)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Boku (1752–1795)
• Joseon (Korea) – Jeongjo (1776–1800)
• Đại Việt
  • Monarch – Lê Hiển Tông (1740–1786)
  • Monarch – Nguyễn Nhạc (1778–1793)
  • Lord – Trịnh Khải (1786–1787)
  • Champa Kingdom – Chei Krei Brei, King of Champa (1783–1786)

Europe

• Principality of Abkhazia – Kelesh Begi (1747–1806)
• Andorra – Co-princes:
  • Bishop of Urgell –
    1. Temporarily vacant (1783–1785)
    2. Josep de Boltas, Bishop of Urgell (1785–1795)
  • Louis XVI of France (1774–1792)
• Kingdom of Denmark–Norway
  • Monarch – Christian VII (1766–1808)
  • Minister of State – Andreas Peter Bernstorff (1784–1797)
• Kingdom of France – Louis XVI (1774–1792)
• Kingdom of Great Britain –
  • Monarch – George III (1760–1820)
  • Prime Minister – William Pitt the Younger (1783–1801, 1804–1806)
• Holy Roman Empire – Joseph II (1765–1790)
  • Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst – Friedrich August (1747–1793)
  • Margraviate of Baden – Karl IV Friedrich (1738–1811)
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Karl Theodor (1777–1799)
  • Electorate of Brandenburg – Friedrich II of Prussia (1740–1786)
  • Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach - Carl Alexander (1757–1791)
  • Electorate of Cologne – Maximilian Franz
  • Electorate of Hanover – Georg III (1760–1814/1820)
  • Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel -
    1. Friedrich II (1760–1785)
    2. Wilhelm IX (1785–1821)
  • Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt - Ludwig IX (1768–1790)
  • Electorate of Mainz – Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal (1774–1801)
  • Electorate of the Palatinate – Karl IV Theodor (1742–1799)
  • Palatinate-Zweibrücken - Carl II August, Duke of Zweibrücken (1775–1795)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld - Ernst Friedrich (1764–1800)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg - Ernst II (1772–1804)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen - Friedrich (1780–1826)
  • Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach - Carl August (1758–1828)
  • Electorate of Saxony – Friedrich August III (1763–1806/1827)
  • Archbishopric of Trier - Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, Elector of Trier (1768–1802)
  • Duchy of Württemberg – Karl Eugen (1737–1793)
• Kingdom of Ireland – George III (1760–1820)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan of the Ottoman Empire – Abdülhamit I (1774–1789)
  • Grand Vizier –
    1. Halil Hamit Pasha (1782–1785)
    2. Sahin Ali Pasha (1785–1786)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Stanisław August Poniatowski (1764–1795)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Maria I Francisca (1777–1816)
• Kingdom of Prussia – Frederick II (1740–1786)
• Russian Empire – Catherine II (1762–1796)
• Kingdom of Spain – Charles III (1759–1788)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Absolutism
  • Monarch – Gustav III (1771–1792)
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Peter Leopold I (1765–1790)
• United Provinces –
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder – William V, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1751–1795)
    • Holland – Grand Pensionary Pieter van Bleiswijk of Holland (1772–1787)

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi – Dhiyab bin Isa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1761–1793)
• Quba Khanate – Fatali Khan (1758–1789)
• Sultanate of Morocco – Mohammed III (1757–1790)