Mataruge

The Mataruge are an extinct tribe of non-Slavic origin recorded at the end of medieval period in the region of modern-day Montenegro and Albania.[1] Different version of their name include Matranga and Matarango.[2] The name Mataruge is derived from the name of the spears used by warriors from this tribe.[1] It is assumed that they belong to group of indigenous Balkan tribes which were first partially or completely Romanized and then Slavicized. In Bosnian scholarship,[3][4][5] and according to Karl Kaser, the Mataruge during the late medieval period are attributed to a Vlach and/or Albanian background, or being a combination of both peoples, that emerged out of Romanized and semi-Romanized indigenous Balkan tribes.[6]

According to legends, Mataruge were only a part of larger, regarded the oldest, tribe of the region, the Španje.[7] It is assumed that ancient tribes of Balkans were already completely or partially Romanized before Slavs overwhelmed them at the end of the 6th century.[8] When they received an influx of Serbs into their society, Mataruge mixed with them.[9] It is assumed that they imposed name of their tribe to some groups of Serbs.[9] Mataruge were frequently mentioned in historical documents of 14th and 15th century as a pasture society, with some of the most prominent of them being organizers of caravans for transport of salt and other goods from the seaside into mainlands.[10] The Albanian noble family of Mataranga is mentioned since 13th century.[1] In the regions of Grahovo, (Old Herzegovina) the Mataruge were mentioned between 1318 and 1398.[11] With the Ottoman advance in their region, Mataruge, together with other ancient tribes, such as Kriči and Macure, migrated from Montenegro to the west and north-west.[12] According to some late 19th century legends, the Mataruge were one of the brotherhoods of the Kriči tribe.[13]

Names of many toponyms in Montenegro and Serbia are derived from the name of this tribe, such as Mataruška Banja, Mataruge in Pljevlja and Mataruge in Kraljevo.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Vukanović 1974, p. 228.
  2. ↑ Društvo 1965, p. 237.
  3. ↑ Naučno društvo Bosne i Hercegovine (1965). Centar za balkanološka ispitivanja. p. 145. "su »nesumnjivo nasleđena od starih plemena ilirsko-romanskih starose- delaca Vlaha ili Arbanasa, kao npr. današnja plemena Kuci, možda Bratonožići, Sotondći, Paštrovići i dr., i negdašnja imena Mataguži, Ma-taruge, Bukumiri i dr.«224. [are »"no doubt inherited from ancient Illyrian tribes-the Roman old dwellers- part Vlach or Albanians, for example. Today's tribe Kuci, perhaps Bratonožići, Sotondći, Paštrovići etc., and former names Mataguži, Ma- taruge, Bukumiri and others. «224.]"
  4. ↑ Radovi odjeljenje društvenih nauka (1983). Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine. p. 95. "Pojedine istaknute družine su, po etničkom poreklu svog jezgra i, nesumnjivo, pretežnog dela svog sastava, bile arbanaske (Tuzi, Hoti, Mataguži, Pamalioti, Tronsi (Trompsi), Krampsi, Mogulsi, Bitidosi i drugi), a Arbanasi su, bar u staroj srpskoj državi, imali isti, ili približno isti, društveni položaj kakv su imali i Vlasi. [Some prominent families were, by ethnicity of its core and, undoubtedly, the substantial part of their composition, were Albanian (Tuzi, Hoti, Mataguži, Pamalioti, Tronsi (Trompsi), Krampsi, Mogulsi, Bitidosi i drugi) and Albanian, at least in the old Serbian state would have the same, or nearly the same, the social position they were at and with Vlachs too.]"
  5. ↑ Mulić, Jusuf (2005). "O nekim posebnostima vezanim za postupak prihataanja Islama u Bosni i netačnostima koje mu se pripisuju." Anali Gazi Husrev-begove biblioteke. 23-24: 184. "U popisima, Arbanasi su iskazivani zajedno s Vlasima. To otežava uvid u moguće razlike kod prihvatanja islama od strane Vlaha i Arbanasa. Jedino se kod plemena za koja se izrijekom zna da su arbanaška, mogla utvrditi pojavnost u prihvatanju islama (Bjelopavlići, Burmazi, Grude, Hoti, Klimente/Koeljmend, Kuči, Macure, Maine, Malonšići/Malonze, Mataruge/Mataronge i Škrijelji). [In the lists, Albanians are reported together with Vlachs. This makes studying the possible differences in the acceptance of Islam by Vlachs and Albanians. Only with the tribes that are specifically known to be Albanian, could establish the occurrence of the acceptance of Islam (Bjelopavlići, Burmazi, Grude, Hoti, Klimenta / Koeljmend, Maine, Macura, Maine, Malonšići/Malonzo, Mataruge/Mataronge and Škrijelj).]"
  6. ↑ Kaser, Karl (2012).
  7. ↑ GZM 1977, p. 20.
  8. ↑ OZO 1974, p. 169.
  9. 1 2 Cetinjski muzej 1977, p. 96.
  10. ↑ ND 1993, p. 74.
  11. ↑ Cvijić, p. 53.
  12. ↑ SGZ 1962, p. 7.
  13. ↑ Зечевић, p. 96.

Sources

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