Nelson (New Zealand electorate)

Nelson electorate boundaries used since the 2008 election

Nelson is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the House of Representatives of New Zealand. From 1853 to 1860, the electorate was called Town of Nelson. From 1860 to 1881, it was City of Nelson. The electorate is the only one that has continuously existed since the 1st Parliament in 1853.

The current MP for Nelson is Nick Smith of the National Party.^[1] He has held this position since 1996.

Population centres

Nelson is based around the city of Nelson, with the dormitory town of Richmond and the smaller communities of Hope and Brightwater drafted in to bring the electorate up to the required population quota.

A significant adjustment to the electorate's boundaries was carried out ahead of the change to Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) voting in 1996; the decrease in South Island electorates from 25 to 16 lead to the abolition of one western South Island electorate; Tasman was split between West Coast and the then (geographically) much smaller Nelson electorate.

The Representation Commission last adjusted the boundaries in the 2007 review, which first applied at the 2008 election;^[2] the electorate was not changed in the 2013/14 review.^[3]

History

An electorate based on the Nelson has been contested at every election since the first Parliament in 1853. Two of the original 24 electorates from the 1st Parliament still exist (New Plymouth is the other one), but Nelson is the only original electorate that has existed continuously.^[4]

The electorate was initially known as Town of Nelson. From 1866 to 1881, it was called City of Nelson. Since 1881, it has been known as simply Nelson.^[5]

From 1853 to 1881, Nelson was a two-member electorate.^[5] James Mackay and William Travers were the first two representatives elected in 1853. Travers and William Cautley (MP for Waimea) both resigned on 26 May 1854. Travers subsequently contested the seat that Cautley had vacated, being elected in the 21 June 1854 Waimea by-election. Samuel Stephens, who succeeded Travers in Nelson, died before the end of the first term, but the seat remained vacant.

Alfred Domett retired from politics at the end of the 3rd Parliament. Edward Stafford resigned in 1868 during the term of the 4th Parliament. Nathaniel Edwards won the resulting by-election. Martin Lightband resigned after a year in Parliament in 1872 and was succeeded by David Luckie.

Nelson became a single member electorate in 1881. Henry Levestam, who was first elected in an 1881 by-election to replace Adams was confirmed by the voters at the next three general elections (1881, 1884 and 1887), but he died in office on 11 February 1889.^[6]

Joseph Harkness won the resulting 1889 by-election and was confirmed in the 1890 election.^[7] He retired at the end of the parliamentary term in 1893 and was succeeded by John Graham, who with the 1893 election started a representation of the electorate that would last until his retirement in 1911.^[8]

Harry Atmore an Independent Member of Parliament succeeded John Graham in the 1911 election,^[9] but he was defeated at the next election in 1914 by Thomas Field of the Reform Party.^[10] At the subsequent election in 1919, Atmore defeated Field and represented the electorate until his death on 21 August 1946.^[9]

Atmore's death did not cause a by-election, as the 1946 election was held in November of that year. The contest was won by Edgar Neale of the National Party.^[11] He held the electorate until 1957, when he retired.

Atmore was succeeded by Stanley Whitehead of the Labour Party in the 1957 election. This started Labour's dominance in the electorate, which was to last for four decades. Whitehead died on 9 January 1976 in the office and this caused the 1976 by-election, which was won by Labour's Mel Courtney. In the 1981 election, Courtney stood as an Independent against Labour's Philip Woollaston, with the latter the successful candidate. Woollaston retired in 1990 and was succeeded by Labour's John Blincoe. When the electorate was enlarged for the 1996 election, it absorbed most of the former seat of Tasman, held by National's Nick Smith. Smith defeated Blincoe and has held the seat ever since.

In the 2014 election, Smith beat Labour's Maryan Street for the third time in a row. Based on preliminary results, Street has also lost the list MP seat that she has had since the 2005 election; she is highest-ranked member on the Labour list who did not get returned to Parliament.^[12]

The gap between National and Labour contesting the list vote has narrowed - 43% to 36% in Labour's favour at the 2005 election versus a 45%-19% split three years earlier. Nelson is also an electorate in which the Green Party performs better than the national average - nearly nine percent in 2002 and 7.7 percent in 2005.

Members of Parliament

Key

Independent Conservative Liberal Reform National Labour Green

multi-member electorate

Election
1853 election	James Mackay	William Travers
1854 by-election	James Mackay	Samuel Stephens
1855 election	Alfred Domett	Edward Stafford
1860 election	Alfred Domett
1866 election	Oswald Curtis
1868 by-election		Nathaniel Edwards^[13]
1871 election		Martin Lightband^[14]
1872 by-election		David Mitchell Luckie^[15]
1875 election		John Sharp^[16]
1879 by-election		Acton Adams^[17]
1879 election	Albert Pitt	Acton Adams^[17]
1881 by-election	Albert Pitt	Henry Levestam

single-member electorate

Election	Winner
1881 election		Henry Levestam
1884 election
1887 election
1889 by-election		Joseph Harkness
1890 election		Joseph Harkness
1893 election		John Graham
1896 election
1899 election
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election		Harry Atmore
1914 election		Thomas Field
1919 election		Harry Atmore
1922 election
1925 election
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election		Edgar Neale
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election		Stanley Whitehead
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1976 by-election		Mel Courtney
1978 election		Mel Courtney
1981 election		Philip Woollaston
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election		John Blincoe
1993 election		John Blincoe
1996 election		Nick Smith
1999 election
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election
2011 election
2014 election

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Nelson electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election	Winner
2002 election		Mike Ward
2008 election		Maryan Street
2011 election		Maryan Street

Election results

2014 election

General election 2014: Nelson^[18]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		20,000	52.82	−0.32	16,904	44.28	−1.13
	Labour	Maryan Street		12,395	32.73	+0.11	9,401	24.63	−2.70
	Green	Colin Robertson		3,449	9.11	−0.37	5,381	14.10	−1.95
	Conservative	John Green		1,125	2.97	+1.23	2,094	5.49	+2.78
	ACT	Paul Hufflett		193	0.51	+0.02	151	0.40	−0.33
	Money Free	Richard Osmaston		175	0.46	+0.46
	Democrats	Adrian Bayly		138	0.36	+0.36	47	0.12	+0.02
	NZ First						2,918	7.64	+2.22
	Ban 1080						386	1.01	+1.01
	Internet Mana						317	0.83	+0.64^{[lower-alpha 1]}
	Legalise Cannabis						202	0.53	+0.02
	Māori						125	0.33	−0.13
	United Future						95	0.25	−0.74
	Civilian						12	0.03	0.03
	Independent Coalition						11	0.03	+0.03
	Focus						6	0.02	+0.02
Informal votes				392			124
Total Valid votes				37,867			38,174
Turnout				38,174	79.76	+4.43
	National hold		Majority	7,605	20.08	−0.44

2011 election

General election 2011: Nelson^[19]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		18,360	53.14	-3.99	16,016	45.41	+2.96
	Labour	Maryan Street		11,272	32.62	-0.87	9,639	27.33	-10.46
	Green	Aaryn Barlow		3,276	9.48	+2.21	5,660	16.05	+6.61
	NZ First	Kevin Gardener		669	1.94	+1.94	1,913	5.42	+2.38
	Conservative	Oliver Vitali		601	1.74	+1.74	954	2.71	+2.71
	United Future	Doug Stevens		204	0.59	+0.21	348	0.99	-0.08
	ACT	Paul Charles Hufflett		171	0.49	-0.36	259	0.73	-1.75
	Legalise Cannabis						180	0.51	+0.11
	Māori						161	0.46	-0.05
	Mana						66	0.19	+0.19
	Democrats						37	0.10	+0.04
	Libertarianz						20	0.06	+0.02
	Alliance						14	0.04	-0.08
Informal votes				692			250
Total Valid votes				34,553			35,267
	National hold		Majority	7,088	20.52	-3.13

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 46,817^[20]

2008 election

General election 2008: Nelson^[21]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		20,471	57.13	+1.41	15,378	42.46	+5.45
	Labour	Maryan Street		12,000	33.49	+5.84	13,689	37.79	-5.17
	Green	Diana Mellor		2,605	7.27	-4.45	3,417	9.43	+1.69
	Kiwi	Robin Westley		312	0.87		256	0.71
	ACT	Paul Hufflett		306	0.85	+0.45	900	2.48	+1.43
	United Future	Kelvin Deal		138	0.39	-1.17	387	1.07	-2.43
	NZ First						1,104	3.05	-1.28
	Progressive						282	0.78	-0.35
	Bill and Ben						209	0.58
	Māori						184	0.51	+0.27
	Family Party						160	0.44
	Legalise Cannabis						144	0.40	+0.12
	Alliance						42	0.12	+0.03
	Democrats						24	0.07	±0.00
	Workers Party						13	0.04
	Libertarianz						12	0.03	+0.01
	Pacific						11	0.03
	RONZ						5	0.01	±0.00
	RAM						3	0.01
Informal votes				241			115
Total Valid votes				35,832			36,220
Turnout				36,548	81.77	-1.00
	National hold		Majority	8,471	23.64	-4.43

2005 election

General election 2005: Nelson^[22]^[23]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		20,299	55.72	+8.45	13,619	37.01	+17.68
	Labour	Jen McCutcheon		10,073	27.65	-6.94	15,809	42.96	-1.96
	Green	Mike Ward		4,269	11.72	-0.51	2,848	7.74	-1.18
	United Future	Dennis Wells		568	1.56	-0.72	1,289	3.50	-3.18
	Destiny	Jason Thomson		383	1.05		361	0.98
	Progressive	Jacqueline McAlpine		252	0.69	+0.06	417	1.13	-0.18
	Christian Heritage	Nick Barber		209	0.57	-1.33	141	0.38	-1.48
	Māori	Anne Fitzsimon		165	0.45		89	0.24
	ACT	Mike Heine		144	0.40		388	1.05	-2.94
	Direct Democracy	Rex Newey		67	0.18		50	0.14
	NZ First						1,593	4.33	-2.04
	Legalise Cannabis						104	0.28	-0.29
	Alliance						33	0.09	-1.09
	Democrats						24	0.07
	One NZ						11	0.03	-0.06
	Libertarianz						9	0.02
	Family Rights						7	0.02
	99 MP						6	0.02
	RONZ						4	0.01	±0.00
Informal votes				260			113
Total Valid votes				36,429			36,802
Turnout				37,052	82.77	+3.19
	National hold		Majority	10,226	28.07	+15.39

2002 election

General election 2002: Nelson^[23]^[24]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		15,779	47.27	+2.49	6,517	19.33	-7.70
	Labour	John Kennedy		11,547	34.59	+2.83	15,149	44.92	+4.30
	Green	Mike Ward		4,084	12.23	+2.10	3,008	8.92	+0.78
	United Future	Dennis Wells		762	2.28		2,254	6.68	+5.68^a
	Christian Heritage	Nick Barber		635	1.90	-1.20	628	1.86	-2.80
	Alliance	Mary O'Connor		364	1.09	-6.13	398	1.18	-7.74
	Progressive	Adrian Bayly		211	0.63		441	1.31
	NZ First						2,147	6.37	+4.27
	ORNZ						1,602	4.75
	ACT						1,346	3.99	-1.52
	Legalise Cannabis						193	0.57	-0.13
	One NZ						30	0.09	-0.01
	NMP						5	0.01	-0.08
	RONZ						4	0.01
	Mana Māori						3	0.01	±0.00
Informal votes				286			115
Total Valid votes				33,382			33,721
Turnout				33,923	79.58
	National hold		Majority	4,232	12.68	-0.35

^a United Future swing is compared to the 1999 results of United NZ and Future NZ, who merged in 2000.

1999 election

General election 1999: Nelson^[23]^[25]^[26]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Y Nick Smith		15,542	44.78		9,419	27.03
	Labour	Simon Fraser		11,021	31.76		14,154	40.62
	Green	Mike Ward		3,516	10.13		2,835	8.14
	Alliance	Mary O'Connor		2,505	7.22		3,108	8.92
	Christian Heritage	Nick Barber		1,077	3.10		1,624	4.66
	ACT	Philip Gully		461	1.33		1,920	5.51
	NZ First	Trevor Squires		296	0.85		732	2.10
	McGillicuddy Serious	Tim Owens		223	0.64		95	0.27
	NMP	Suzanne Johnston		64	0.18		32	0.09
	Legalise Cannabis						278	0.80
	Future NZ						216	0.62
	United NZ						131	0.38
	Libertarianz						114	0.33
	South Island						67	0.19
	Animals First						51	0.15
	One NZ						34	0.10
	Natural Law						14	0.04
	Mana Māori						5	0.01
	People's Choice						5	0.01
	Freedom Movement						4	0.01
	Mauri Pacific						4	0.01
	Republican						3	0.01
Informal votes				485			345
Total Valid votes				34,705			34,845
	National hold		Majority	4,521	13.03

1996 election

General election 1996: Nelson^[27]^[28]^[29]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	National	Nick Smith		20,481	59.22		10,652	30.78
	Labour	N John Blincoe		8,057	23.30		11,012	31.82
	Alliance	Mike Ward		3,171	9.17		4,220	12.20
	NZ First	Bernard Downey		1,510	4.37		3,417	9.88
	Christian Coalition	Nick Barber		749	2.17		2,206	6.38
	McGillicuddy Serious	Tim Owens		279	0.81		187	0.54
	ACT	Graeme Williams		251	0.73		1,900	5.49
	Natural Law	Michelle McGregor		86	0.25		59	0.17
	Legalise Cannabis						464	1.34
	United NZ						230	0.66
	Progressive Green						94	0.27
	Animals First						62	0.18
	Green Society						26	0.08
	Asia Pacific United						21	0.06
	Superannuitants & Youth						14	0.04
	Libertarianz						13	0.04
	Advance New Zealand						7	0.02
	Conservatives						7	0.02
	Mana Māori						6	0.02
	Ethnic Minority Party						4	0.01
	Te Tawharau						1	0.00
Informal votes				165			147
Total Valid votes				34,584			34,602
	National gain from Labour		Majority	12,424	35.92

1981 election

New Zealand general election, 1981 - Nelson result
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Philip Woollaston	8,198	40.41
	Independent	Mel Courtney	7,500	36.97
	National	L G H Thompson	2,749	13.55
	Social Credit	N J L McLean	1,545	7.61
	Values	Mike Ward	297	1.46
Turnout			20,289
Majority			698	3.44

1976 by-election

Nelson by-election, 1976^[30]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Mel Courtney	8,418	48.4
	National	Peter Malone	6,913	39.7
	Values	G J Struik	1,583	9.1
	Social Credit	R Muller	452	2.6
	Imperial British Conservative	C P Weallens	38	0.2
Majority			1,505	8.7
Informal votes			66
Turnout			17,470	66.0
Registered electors			22,105
	Labour hold		Swing

1931 election

General election, 1931: Nelson^[31]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent	Harry Atmore	4,749	50.53	-12.44
	Reform	Herbert Everett^[32]	4,649	49.47
Majority			100	1.06	-24.89
Informal votes			55	0.58	-0.91
Turnout			9,453	89.18	+0.09
Registered electors			10,600

1928 election

General election, 1928: Nelson^[33]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent	Harry Atmore	5,603	62.98	+4.64
	Reform	F W O Smith	3,294	37.02
Majority			2,309	25.95	-3.07
Informal votes			135	1.49
Turnout			9,032	89.09	+3.56
Registered electors			10,138

1925 election

General election, 1925: Nelson^[34]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Independent	Harry Atmore	4,721	58.33	-4.89
	Reform	A Gilbert	2,372	29.31	-7.47
	Labour	Tom Brindle	1,000	12.36
Majority			2,349	29.03	+2.58
Turnout			8,093	85.53	-6.33
Registered electors			9,462

1899 election

General election, 1899: Nelson^[35]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	John Graham	2,551	56.43	+1.89
	Conservative	Richmond Hursthouse	1,970	43.57
Majority			581	12.85	+3.77
Turnout			4,521	84.22	+3.15
Registered electors			5,368

1890 election

General election, 1890: Nelson^[36]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Joseph Harkness	672	47.22
	Liberal	John Kerr	657	46.17
	Liberal	Francis William Flowerday	94	6.60
Majority			15	1.05
Turnout			1,423	77.71
Registered electors			1,831

Table footnotes

↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

↑ New Zealand Parliament - Nick Smith MP
↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
↑ Wilson 1985.
1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 161.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 120.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 112.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 109.
1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 94.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 105.
↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 129.
↑ Moore, Bill (21 September 2014). "Nick Smith returned as Nelson MP". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1906). "Present And Past Members Of Parliament". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Nelson, Marlborough & Westland Provincial Districts. Christchurch. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
↑ "Official Count Results -- Nelson (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
↑ 2011 election results
↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
↑ 2008 election results
↑ "Official Count Results – Nelson". Elections New Zealand. 2005. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
1 2 3 "Electorate Profile Nelson" (PDF). New Zealand Parliamentary Library. October 2005. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
↑ "Official Count Results – Nelson". Elections New Zealand. 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
↑ "Votes for Registered Parties by Electorate". Elections New Zealand. 1999. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
↑ "Elected Candidate Votes by Electorate". Elections New Zealand. 1999. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
↑ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place - Nelson, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 13 July 2013.
↑ "Part III - Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
↑ "Part III - Party Lists of unsuccessful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
↑ Norton 1988, p. 286.
↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 4. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
↑ "Opposing Mr Atmore". The Evening Post. CXII (110). 5 November 1931. p. 10. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
↑ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 4. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
↑ "South Island". Otautau Standard and Wallace County Chronicle. XXI (1055). 10 November 1925. p. 1. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

References

Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

External links

Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library

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