Norwegian Legion
| Norwegian Legion Den Norske Legion, Freiwilligen-Legion Norwegen | |
|---|---|
|
Standard of Den Norske Legion | |
| Active | 29 June 1941 — March 1943 |
| Country |
 Norway |
| Allegiance |
.svg.png){kind=small} Nazi Germany |
| Branch | Waffen-SS |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Around 1000 |
| Engagements | Siege of Leningrad |
| Disbanded | March 1943 |
| Commanders | |
| SS-Obersturmbannführer | Arthur Qvist |
During World War II, the Norwegian Legion (Norwegian: Den Norske Legion, German: Freiwilligen-Legion Norwegen) was formed by the Waffen-SS on 29 June 1941 in German-occupied Norway. Volunteers were assured that it would be a Norwegian unit with Norwegian officers, uniforms and language and that its area of operations would be Finland. Instead, the Norwegians were deployed to Russia, taking part in the fighting on the Leningrad front. This was done by the Germans to avoid reinforcing any Norwegian territorial claims to the Kola peninsula and the Finnish Petsamo region, which were desired by the Quisling regime.[1] Initially, Quisling hoped to deploy over 30,000 Norwegian legionaries to Finnish Lapland, but this was rejected by both the Germans and the Finns.[2]
Coming under the control of the 2 SS Infantry Brigade, the Norwegians occupied positions at Krasnoye Selo near Pushkin in February 1942. For the next two months the Legion took part in the siege of Leningrad. In May 1942, the Legion was withdrawn for a rest, returning to the front line in June 1942. It again became involved in major combat in February 1943, as the Red Army mounted an offensive across Lake Ladoga. The Legion left the front in the spring of 1943, having suffered over a 180 casualties in a year. During that period it had been reinforced by the 1 SS and Police Company under the command of the head of the Norwegian Allgemeine-SS, Jonas Lie.
The Legion was disbanded in March 1943. Relations between the Norwegians and the Germans had not been good — a problem common to most of the Legions fighting on the Eastern Front. Legionnaires returned to Norway with little good to say about the Germans, which caused the SS some difficulty when it tried to recruit Norwegians later in the war. Most survivors of the Legion who wanted to continue fighting were transferred to the 23 SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment Norge, one of the regiments of the newly formed 11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division Nordland.
Commanders
- Legion-Sturmbannfuhrer Finn Kjelstrup (June 1941 – 1 December 1941)
- Legion-Sturmbannfuhrer Jørgen Bakke (December 1941 – 15 December 1941)
- SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer Arthur Qvist[3] (December 1941 – March 1943)
Company Commanders
- 1st Company Hauptsturmführer's Olaf T. Lindvig / Frode Halle
- 2nd Company Hauptsturmführer Karsten Sveen
- 3rd Company Hauptsturmführer John Braseth
- 4th Company Hauptsturmführer Ragnar Berg
- 14th ( Pak ) Company Hauptsturmführer Finn Finson
References
- ↑ Ueberschäer 1998, pp. 1018–1019.
- ↑ Hitlerin Saksa ja sen vapaaehtoisliikkeet, p. 121, Mauno Jokipii, 2002, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura ISBN 951-746-335-9 (in Finnish)
- ↑ "Nordmenn i Waffen-SS 1941-1945". frontkjemper.info (in Norwegian).
- ↑ Geir Brenden, Tommy Natedal, Knut Flovik Thoresen. Norske Offiserer i Waffen SS. ISBN 978-82-92870-78-5
Bibliography
- Ueberschär, Gerd R. (1998). "Strategy and Policy in Northern Europe". In Boog, Horst; Förster, Jürgen; Hoffmann, Joachim; Klink, Ernst; Müller, Rolf-Dieter; Ueberschär, Gerd R. The Attack on the Soviet Union. Germany and the Second World War. IV. Translated by McMurry, Dean S.; Osers, Ewald; Willmot, Louise. Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (Military History Research Office (Germany) ). Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 941–1020. ISBN 0-19-822886-4.