Ritter Island

Ritter Island
Highest point
Elevation 140 m (460 ft)
Prominence 140 m (460 ft)
Coordinates 5°31′S 148°07′E / 5.517°S 148.117°E / -5.517; 148.117
Geography
Location Papua New Guinea
Geology
Mountain type Stratovolcano
Last eruption May 2007

Ritter Island is a small crescent-shaped volcanic island 100 kilometres north-east of New Guinea, situated between Umboi Island and Sakar Island.

There are several recorded eruptions of this basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano prior to a spectacular lateral collapse which took place in 1888. Before that event, it was a circular conical island about 780 metres high.[1] At about 5:30 am local time on 13 March 1888 a large portion of the island, containing perhaps 5 km3 of material slid into the sea during a relatively minor, possibly VEI 2,[2] phreatic eruption. Eyewitnesses at Finschhafen, 100 km to the South, heard explosions and observed an almost imperceptible ash fall.[3] Tsunamis 12–15 metres high were generated by the collapse and devastated nearby islands and the adjacent New Guinea coast killing around 3000 people.[4]

The collapse left a 140 metre high 1900 metre long crescent-shaped island with a steep west-facing enscarpment. At least two small eruptions have occurred offshore since 1888, one in 1972 and another in 1974, which have resulted in the construction of a small submarine edifice within the collapse scar.[3]

See also

References


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