Tallink

AS Tallink Grupp

Type	Public
Traded as	Nasdaq Baltic: TAL1T
Industry	Maritime transportation
Founded	1989
Headquarters	Tallinn, Estonia
Area served	Northern Europe
Key people	Janek Stalmeister, Enn Pant, Andres Hunt
Services	Passenger transport, freight, cruises
Revenue	945.2 million Euro (2015)
Profit	59.1 million Euro (2015)
Number of employees	6,835 (avg. FY 2015)
Website	www.tallink.com www.tallinksilja.com

Tallink is an Estonian shipping company currently operating Baltic Sea cruiseferries and ropax ships from Estonia to Finland, Estonia to Sweden, Latvia to Sweden and Finland to Sweden. They also own Silja Line and a part of SeaRail.^[1] It is one of the largest passenger and cargo shipping companies in the Baltic Sea region.^[2]

History

Background

History of the company known today as Tallink can be traced back to the year 1965 when the Soviet Union-based Estonian Shipping Company (ESCO) started passenger traffic between Helsinki and Tallinn with MS Vanemuine.^[3] Regular around-the-year traffic was started in 1968 with MS Tallinn, which served on the route until she was replaced by the new MS Georg Ots in 1980.^[4][5]

1989–1992

The original MS Tallink in Tallinn harbour, 1994.

In May 1989 ESCO formed a new subsidiary, Laevandusühisettevõte Tallink, together with the Finnish Palkkiyhtymä Oy. In December of the same year ESCO and Palkkiyhtymä purchased MS Scandinavian Sky from SeaEscape, and the ship began traffic on the Helsinki–Tallinn route in January 1990 as MS Tallink.^[6] Later in the same year the freighter MS Transestonia joined the Tallink on the Helsinki–Tallinn route^[7] and Tallink was established as the name of the company as well as the main ship. At the same time ESCO still operated the Georg Ots in the same route, essentially competing with its own daughter company. This conflict was resolved in September 1991 when the Georg Ots was chartered to Tallink.^[6] In the early 1990s passenger numbers on Helsinki–Tallinn traffic were steadily increasing, and during winters between 1992 and 1995 Tallink chartered MS Saint Patrick II from Irish Ferries to increase capacity on the route.^[8]

1993–2000

MS Meloodia, chartered from EstLine in 1995, introduced a blue hull colour to the Tallink fleet.

Tallink became a fully Estonian-owned company in 1993 when Palkkiyhtymä sold its shares of both the Tallink company and MS Tallink to ESCO.^[6] At this time other companies were establishing themselves on the lucrative Helsinki–Tallinn traffic, including the Estonian New Line, owned by the Tallinn-based Inreko.^[9] ESCO and Inreko saw no sense in competing with each other and in January 1994 Tallink and Inreko Laeva AS were merged into AS Eminre.^[10] Tallink remained the marketing name for the company's fleet.^[6][11] Later in the same year Inreko purchased MS Nord Estonia from EstLine (a daughter company of ESCO and the Swedish Nordström & Thulin Ab), renamed her MS Vana Tallinn and placed her in Helsinki–Tallinn traffic for Tallink.^[12] Inreko also brought with them two fast hydrofoils, HS Liisa and HS Laura which began serving under the Tallink Express brand.^[13] In 1994 Tallink also attempted traffic from Estonia to Germany for the first time, with two chartered ferries MS Balanga Queen and MS Ambassador II that were placed on the route Helsinki–Tallinn–Travemünde.^[14][15]

In September 1994 AS Eminre's operations were divided into two companies, one that took care of the traffic to Germany (which was soon closed down) and AS Hansatee which took the Helsinki–Tallinn traffic and the Tallink name.^[9][10] ESCO was clearly the dominant partner in Hansatee, controlling 45% of the shares, whereas Inreko owned only 12.75% (the remaining 42.25% belonging to Eesti Ühispank, Estonia).^[6] In 1995 Hansatee brought the first large ferry into Helsinki–Tallinn traffic when they chartered MS Mare Balticum from EstLine and renamed her MS Meloodia.^[16] Following various disputes between ESCO and Inreko (most notably about the charter price of Vana Tallinn), Inreko sold their shares of AS Hansatee to ESCO in December 1996.^[9] At the same time Inreko sold the Tallink Express hydrofoils to Linda Line, Estonia, and begun operating the Vana Tallinn on Helsinki–Tallinn traffic under the name TH Ferries.^[9][12]

In 1997 a second large ferry was brought to Tallink's traffic when the company chartered MS Normandy from Stena Line.^[17] To replace the lost hydrofoils, Hansatee purchased a new express catamaran in May 1997, which was named MS Tallink Express I.^[6][18] At this time it was clear that two large ferries were needed for traffic between Helsinki and Tallinn, and when the Normandy's charter ended in December 1997 Tallink purchased MS Lion King from Stena Line, which entered traffic in February 1998 as MS Fantaasia.^[19] In July of the same year Tallink purchased the freighter MS Kapella which opened a line from Paldiski to Kapellskär,^[20] Tallink's first route to Sweden.^[6] In October the original MS Tallink, which no longer conformed modern safety regulations, was sold.^[21] Two months later Hansatee purchased their first fast ferry capable of carrying cars, HSC Tallink AutoExpress.^[22]

2000–2006

The sister ships Romantika and Victoria I (pictured) were Tallink's first newbuildings, delivered in 2002 and 2004, respectively.

Baltic Queen in dock in Tallinn.

By the year 2000 ESCO had become the sole owner of EstLine, and in December 2000 EstLine's two ferries MS Regina Baltica and MS Baltic Kristina were chartered to Hansatee, and the line between Tallinn and Stockholm began to be marketed as a part of Tallink.^[6][23] A few months earlier, in August 2000, Hansatee had ordered their first newbuild from the Finnish Aker Finnyards.^[24] In June 2001 Tallink purchased HSC Tallink AutoExpress 2,^[25] while next month EstLine was declared bankrupt.

In 2002 AS Hansatee changed its name into AS Tallink Grupp,^[10] and in May of the same year the company took delivery of the brand new 2500-passenger cruiseferry MS Romantika, which was placed on Helsinki–Tallinn traffic.^[6][24] In November of the same year the classic Georg Ots was sold to the government of Russia.^[5] In 2004 three news ships joined Tallink's fleet, HSC Tallink AutoExpress 3^[26] and HSC Tallink AutoExpress 4^[27] alongside the Romantika's sister MS Victoria I which was placed on Tallinn–Stockholm route,^[28] replacing MS Fantaasia which in turn started a new route from Helsinki to St. Petersburg via Tallinn. This route proved unprofitable and was terminated in January 2005.^[19] Later in 2005 Tallink ordered a sister ship of the to-be delived MS Galaxy^[29] and a fast ropax ferry from Aker Finnyards^[30] as well as another ropax ferry from the Fincantieri yard in Italy.^[31] On December 9, 2005, Tallink was listed at Tallinn Stock Exchange.^[6]

2006–present

In 2006, Tallink purchased the Baltic Sea operations of Superfast Ferries from Attica Group, opened a route between Riga and Stockholm^[6] (with MS Fantaasia,^[19] which was within a month replaced by MS Regina Baltica^[32]), took delivery of the new MS Galaxy^[33] which replaced Romantika on the Tallinn–Helsinki route, transferred Romantika to the Tallinn–Stockholm route,^[24] and withdrew AutoExpress from service.^[22] A few months later, the company purchased the rival Finnish passenger line Silja Line from Sea Containers Ltd.^[6] In October 2006, the company expressed an interest in making an offer to operate ferries on the state-subsidized routes between the Swedish island of Gotland and the Swedish mainland between 2009 and 2015.^[34]

Baltic Princess, the second Galaxy-class ship, was delivered to Tallink in 2008. The Galaxy-class ships are in essence lengthened versions of Romantika and Victoria I.

From the beginning of 2007, the former Superfast ships were moved under the Tallink brand and their route changed to Tallinn–Helsinki–Rostock.^[35][36][37] In April of the same year, Aker Yards delivered the fast cruiseferry MS Star that had been ordered in 2005.^[30] With the delivery of the Star, Meloodia was chartered to Balearias, Spain for ten months and later sold,^[16][38] while AutoExpress 3 and AutoExpress 4 were also withdrawn.^[26][27] During April 2007 Tallink also ordered a third Galaxy-class cruiseferry from Aker Yards.^[39]

Two new ships followed in 2008, with the fast cruiseferry MS Superstar delivered from Fincantieri and the second Galaxy-class ship, MS Baltic Princess, delivered from Aker Yards. Both ships were placed in service between Helsinki and Tallinn^[29][31] With the delivery of the former, the last AutoExpress fast craft, AutoExpress 2, was withdrawn from Helsinki–Tallinn service.^[25] Baltic Princess, meanwhile, replaced her sister ship Galaxy, which was transferred to the fleet of Silja Line. With the arrival of Galaxy MS Silja Festival was left without employment in the Silja fleet, and she was in turn transferred to Tallink's fleet, joining Regina Baltica on the Riga–Stockholm service.^[40] In November 2008, MS Superfast IX, one of three ships purchased from Superfast Ferries in 2006, was chartered to the Canadian Marine Atlantic ferry operator for five years.^[37] In April 2009, Tallink took delivery of its last newbuilding (as of 2010), when MS Baltic Queen was delivered STX Europe (the former Aker Yards). The new ship was placed on the Tallinn–Mariehamn–Stockholm service alongside Victoria I.^[41] Romantika, that had been Victoria I's running mate since 2006, was in turn transferred to the Riga–Stockholm route,^[24] where she replaced Regina Baltica that was in turn chartered out to Acciona Trasmediterránea.^[32]

In December 2009, it was reported that company was struggling to repay its debts of 1.1 billion euros. The fiscal year ending in August resulted in an operating loss, and the company had to re-negotiate with its 15 funding banks debt repayment schedules for the years 2009–2011. The banks took a more controlling role in the company: it could no longer pay dividends, make investments, or sign new contracts without its creditors' approval. Tallink also had to pick up the pace in debt repayments if conditions were to improve, and had to look for options to sell or rent some of its ships. Most of its debts were incurred for purchasing Silja Line for 470 million and Superfast Ferries for 310 million euros.^[42]

In November 2009, Tallink temporarily withdrew MS Superfast VII and MS Superfast VIII from the Germany–Finland service. The ships spent the winter of 2009–2010 laid up in Kopli, before re-commencing service between Helsinki and Rostock in April 2010.^[35][36]

In March 2011, it was confirmed that the MS Superfast VIII and MS Superfast VII have been chartered to Stena Line for a period of three years, with the option to extend the charter for another year. Stena Line will use these ships for Scotland-Northern Ireland service. The vessels will be delivered after the end of the high season in August 2011. Until then they are operated on their current route by Tallink. The prospective charter will improve the result of these vessels so that they will be generating a profit.

On December 11th 2014, Tallink announced that they have ordered a new ship from Meyer Turku Oy. The newbuilding, which will be built in Turku, will sail on the Helsinki-Tallinn route and is scheduled to enter service in early 2017. The building contract was formally signed in February 2015. The ship will be 212 meters long, have a passenger capacity of 2800 and will be powered by liquefied natural gas. ^[43]

Controversies

Ignored man overboard

In April 2006 Tallink's ferry MS Regina Baltica, en route from Tallinn to Stockholm, ignored when multiple passengers reported that a passenger had fallen overboard. The crew refused to stop the ship to search for the passenger and the 21-year-old Estonian male perished in the incident. Tallink later accepted no responsibility for the accident, emphasizing that none of the passengers confirmed actually seeing the man falling overboard or in the water.^[44]

Employee abuse

In October 2006, the board of Tallink held a meeting on board their ship MS Silja Symphony. During the night, the party got out of control and became headline news in Sweden, Estonia and Finland. Media claimed that the board members assaulted personnel, abused them verbally and threatened to fire the whole crew when they tried to calm them down.^[45]

Fleet

On order

Current fleet

Ship	Type	Built	Entered service	Route	Tonnage1	Flag	Notes
MS Baltic Queen	Cruiseferry	2009	2009	Tallinn-Helsinki (until 11.12.2016), Tallinn-Mariehamn-Stockholm (from 13.12.2016)	48,900 GT	Estonia
MS Regal Star	Ro-Ro	1999	2004	Paldiski–Kapellskär	15,281 GRT	Estonia
MS Romantika	Cruiseferry	2002	2002	Tallinn-Mariehamn-Stockholm (until 11.12.2016), Riga-Stockholm (from 13.12.2016)	39,864 GT	Estonia	First newbuilding delivered to Tallink.[46] Previously sailed under Latvian flag.
MS Sea Wind	Ro-Ro	1972	1989	Tallinn-Vuosaari	15,587 GRT	Estonia
MS Star	Fast Ro-Pax	2007	2007	Tallinn–Helsinki	36,249 GT	Estonia
MS Superstar	Fast Ro-Pax	2008	2008	Tallinn–Helsinki	36,400 GT	Estonia
MS Victoria I	Cruiseferry	2004	2004	Tallinn–Mariehamn–Stockholm	40,975 GT	Estonia
MS Silja Europa	Cruiseferry	1993	2016	Tallinn–Helsinki	59,912 GT	Estonia
MS Isabelle	Cruiseferry	1989	2013	Stockholm-Riga	34 937 GT	Latvia	Bought from the competitor Viking Line in April 2013 and replaced Silja Festival.
1May be specified in gross tonnage (GT) or gross register tons (GRT).

On charter

Ship	Type	Built	In service	Route	Tonnage	Flag	Notes
MV Atlantic Vision	Fast Ro-Pax	2002	2008–2015	Port aux Basques - North Sydney	30,285 GT	Canada[47]	Since 2008 under charter to Marine Atlantic till November 2017.
MS Stena Superfast VIII	Fast Ro-Pax	2001	2011–2014	Belfast - Cairnryan	30,285 GT	United Kingdom	Since 2011 under charter to Stena Line till Autumn 2019
MS Stena Superfast VII	Fast Ro-Pax	2001	2011–2014	Belfast - Cairnryan	30,285 GT	United Kingdom	Since 2011 under charter to Stena Line till Autumn 2019

Former vessels

See also

• Viking Line – rival operator

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tallink.

• Official site
• Tallink at Fakta om Fartyg (Swedish)
• History of ESCO, EstLine and Tallink by Joni Huopana (Finnish)

Coordinates: 59°26′39″N 24°45′18″E / 59.444197°N 24.754971°E / 59.444197; 24.754971