Thomas Mair (murderer)

Thomas Alexander "Tommy" Mair (born 12 August 1963) is a neo-Nazi, white supremacist terrorist who was convicted of the murder of Jo Cox, a Labour MP, on 16 June 2016. On 23 November 2016, Mair was found guilty of murder and other offences connected to the killing. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a whole life order.

Mair is known to have established links with far-right groups in the United States, and South African pro-apartheid and white supremacist organisations. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on 23 November 2016.

Early life and background

Thomas Alexander Mair was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland, on 12 August 1963,[1] the son of James, a machine operator in the lace industry, and Mary, a factory worker. The Mairs had a second son, Scott, but the marriage did not last long, and Mary and the boys moved to Birstall, a mill town eight miles south-west of Leeds. Mary remarried, and Mair has a half brother, Duane St Louis.[2]

Detective Superintendent Nick Wallen from West Yorkshire Police described Mair as a "loner in the truest sense of the word ... who never held down a job never had a girlfriend never any friends to speak of".[2]

Mental illness

Mair has been described as exhibiting traits of mental illness, most notably obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). He was so obsessive regarding his cleaning that he was known to scrub himself with pan scourers, and his house was obsessively orderly, with tinned items in his shelves all facing the same way. He had a persecution complex, believing "collaborators" – liberals, leftists and the mainstream media, who were by far "his greatest obsession" – to be the cause of the world's problems.[2]

Mair was described by his younger brother as apolitical and as having had a history of mental illness.[3] Thomas Mair had lived in Birstall for at least forty years and was described as polite and reserved.[4] In 2010, Mair attended Pathways Day Centre for adults with mental health problems. He then began doing voluntary work and was interviewed by the Huddersfield Daily Examiner, telling the newspaper that volunteering had improved his mental health. Mair said: "I can honestly say it has done me more good than all the psychotherapy and medication in the world".[5] The evening before the killing, Mair visited an alternative therapy centre in Birstall seeking treatment for depression; he was told to return the next day for an appointment.[6] However, Mair's health was not part of the defence case in the trial.[7] After his arrest, he was examined by a psychiatrist who could find no evidence that his mental health was so poor that he was not responsible for his actions.[2]

Links to far-right groups in the UK and Europe

Although he has had links with the National Front in the 1990s, and more recently has been seen at a English Defence League rally, both anti-fascists and supporters of various far-right organisations deny that he had ever "crossed their radar". Mair was particularly fascinated by Norwegian far-right terrorist Anders Breivik—who murdered 77 people in gun and bomb attacks in 2011—and kept newspaper clippings about the case.[2]

Todd Blodgett, an American former far-right activist, told the SPLC that in May 2000 (when Blodgett was working as a paid informant for the FBI), Mair attended a gathering of American white supremacists in London that was convened by National Alliance head William Luther Pierce and arranged by another member of the British far-right, Mark Cotterill.[8][9] According to Blodgett, the group of 15 to 20 people included Stephen Cartwright and Richard Barnbrook, and the group discussed how to expand American white power music (such as that promoted by Resistance Records, which Pierce had recently purchased) into Europe. Blodgett described Mair as quiet, self-educated, well-mannered, and loosely affiliated with the Leeds chapter of the National Alliance. According to Blodgett, Mair expressed racist and antisemitic views, was a Holocaust denier, and admired the neo-Nazi band Skrewdriver.[8][9]

Mair was a frequent user of his local library's computers to research matters such as the British National Party, white supremacism, Nazism, the Ku Klux Klan, Waffen SS, Israel, public shooting, serial killers and matricide, as well as the Wikipedia page of Ian Gow, the last MP to be murdered by a Provisional IRA car bomb, and anti-Brexit MP William Hague.[2]

National Action, a neo-Nazi organisation within the United Kingdom with 60–100 members nationwide, has repeatedly celebrated Mair. It has altered its listing on Google to state: "Death to traitors, freedom for Britain!" (the cry Mair made when asked of his name upon arrest), and is most active in Yorkshire. National Action has repeatedly posted inflammatory material, accusing Cox of being the "patron saint" of British Asian "grooming gangs", and has written in support of lone wolf terrorism by white supremacists in the UK. The North West Infidels have also said that Jo Cox "got what she deserved with her far-left extremist views. Promoting her race-mixing communism. Your white children and their white children have no hope or future with communist scum like Jo Cox." As a result of this material, both groups risk being proscribed terrorist organisations by the UK government.[10]

Mair's cry of "freedom for Britain" was seen as similar to the rhetoric Jayda Fransen of the far-right Britain First party employed during the London election campaign of 2016, whereby Fransen said politicians guilty of "ruining our country" through support for immigration "will face the wrath of the Britain First movement, make no mistake about it! We will not rest until every traitor is punished for their crimes against our country. And by punished, I mean good old fashioned British justice at the end of a rope!"[11] During Mair's trial, the court had head that he had shouted out "Britain first!" during his attack on Cox;[12] however, BF leader Paul Golding denies any connection with the murder of Jo Cox, saying that Britain First "would not condone actions like that ... Yes we do direct actions sometimes, we invaded a Halal slaughterhouse because we disagree with halal slaughter, but this kind of thing is disgusting. it's an outrage. I hope the person who carried out this heinous crime will get what he deserves."[13]

Community demographics

Due to demographic changes in the towns and villages around Birstall and Batley, the area is considered "fertile ground for the far right, for whom the many Muslims in the area represent a highly visible enemy".[2] In the mid-90s, one local man formed an offshoot of the National Alliance, which he called the National Socialist Alliance.[2] In 2006, after a jury at Leeds crown court cleared Nick Griffin and Mark Collett of the British National Party of incitement to racial hatred,[14] Griffin hailed West Yorkshire as "an unusually radicalised" part of the UK; meaning that he believed many people there shared his views.[2]

A number of far right groups such as the British Movement, National Action, the National Front, the Yorkshire Infidels and Liberty GB have recruited in the area, and members of the far-right have staged marches in the area in recent years. The local authority, Kirklees council, asked Tell MAMA in 2016 if it could help devise a strategy to ease community tensions that were being exacerbated by the far right. Despite these factors, Mair appeared to have little involvement in such groups within the UK.[2]

SA Patriot and the Springbok Club

According to The Daily Telegraph, a January 2006 blog post attributed to the group described Mair as "one of the earliest subscribers and supporters of SA Patriot",[15] a far-right, pro-apartheid publication (renamed SA Patriot in Exile in 1991), and published at least two letters in the publication in the years 1991–1999. Mair wrote to the organisation in 1991 saying that:

“ I was most impressed by your publication and the insight it gives into the South African scene ... Meanwhile, you might be interested to know that the British media's propaganda offensive against South Africa continues relentlessly. Almost every "news" bulletin contains one item about South Africa which, needless to say, never fails to present Whites in the worse [sic] possible light ...

The nationalist movement in the UK also continues to fight on against the odds. The murders of George Seawright and John McMichael in Ulster are an extreme example of what we are up against. Despite everything I still have faith that the White Race will prevail, both in Britain and in South Africa, but I fear that it's going to be a very long and very bloody struggle.

 ”
— Mair in 1991[16]

In 1999, Mair wrote to the publication. In his letter, he spoke out against "'collaborators' in the White South African population" who were opposed to apartheid, saying that:

“ It was heartening to see that you are still carrying on the struggle ... I was glad you strongly condemned "collaborators" in the White South African population. In my opinion the greatest enemy of the old Apartheid system was not the ANC and the Black masses but White liberals and traitors. ”
— Mair in 1999[16]

The Southern Poverty Law Center noted that, following the death of Jo Cox in 2016, "Mair sounded a similar theme. Asked his name by the court, he responded with, 'Death to traitors, freedom for Britain.'"[16] This, according to The Guardian, was "his ultimate obsession".[2] In 2006 the magazine's online newsletter asked for information on Mair's address as "recent correspondence sent to him was being returned".[13]

However, following Mair's arrest, the SA Patriot said:

“ It is true that a Mr Thomas A. Mair from Batley in Yorkshire subscribed to our magazine S.A Patriot when we were still published in South Africa itself. We can confirm therefore that we have never met Mr Mair, and apart from brief contact way back in the mid-1980s when he briefly subscribed to our magazine we have had no contact with him. All attempts to try to link him to our magazine during more recent years are therefore completely without foundation.[13] ”

Mair also bought literature from the Springbok Club, a "small, sinister group of British-based South African and Zimbabwean exiles" that "regards itself as the shadow white government of South Africa".[17] Alan Harvey, editor of the Springbok Club's official magazine, told The Guardian that Mair sent the group £5, "which would have been enough for about five issues" of the magazine.[2]

Copeland trial and the National Alliance

The Guardian refers to Mair as "an extremely low burner" who "appears to have fantasised a 'collaborator' for more than 17 years, drawing inspiration from" David Copeland.[2]

David Copeland, a diagnosed paranoid schizophrenic and admirer of William Luther Pierce (head of the National Alliance) was a source of great inspiration to Mair when he bombed Black British, South Asian and LGBT populations on a 13-day campaign in the hope of triggering a race war within the United Kingdom. 3 died and more than 140 injured, many losing limbs, and was arrested shortly after this final bombing of the Admiral Duncan.[18][19]

10 days after Copeland's first court appearance, a consignment of goods from the National Alliance headquarters in the United States was being sent to Mair's home. According to a packing slip obtained by the Southern Poverty Law Center, Mair had bought numerous items from the organisation, including: manuals on the manufacturing of bombs and homemade pistols; 6 copies of Free Speech, a publication of the National Alliance; and a copy of Ich Kämpfe. Over the course of four years, he began to subscribe to Free Speech as well as Secret of the Runes and We Get Confessions. The SPLC released receipts indicating that, between 1999 and 2003, Mair had spent more than $620 buying publications from National Vanguard Books, the National Alliance's publishing arm. These included works on how to make improvised weapons, such as explosives and firearms."[15][20] Mair "amassed a small library about the Nazis, German military history and white supremacy, which he kept in a bedroom at his home on a bookshelf topped by a gold-coloured Third Reich eagle with a swastika", including books on "Race Theory and Mate Selection Guidelines" and the Luftwaffe, as well as devices on how to construct bombs and explosives.[2][15]

Brexit and murder of Jo Cox

Main article: Murder of Jo Cox
“ Many politicians and prominent political figures not only failed to condemn [hate speech,] but also created and entrenched prejudices, thereby emboldening individuals to carry out acts of intimidation and hate towards ethnic or ethno-religious minority communities and people who are visibly different. ”
— Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, referencing the Brexit referendum campaign.[21]

During the Brexit campaign in the United Kingdom, campaigners who wanted the UK to leave the European Union frequently described migrants as "swarms",[2] claiming that uncontrolled immigration would trigger mass sexual attacks, as had recently occurred in Cologne, Germany.[22] Hours before the assassination of Jo Cox, UKIP launched its infamous "Breaking Point", which was accused of similarities with Nazi propaganda.[23] The prosecutor, from the counter-terrorism division of the Crown Prosecution Service, later told the court that a single-barrelled firearm was recovered from Mair at the time of his arrest.[24]

As a "passionate defender of immigration and the remain campaign", Mair saw Jo Cox as "a legitimate target". He viewed the Labour MP as "one of 'the collaborators' [and] a traitor to his race", according to The Guardian.[2] At the time of the murder, Mair was an unemployed gardener.[12]

Mair had acquired a firearm, a German made Weihrauch .22 bolt-action rifle, from which the stock and most of the barrel had been removed. It was stolen from the boot of a sports utility vehicle in nearby Keighley in August 2015, although police do not know who directly stole the weapon. Mair had carried out online research into .22 ammunition, reading one page that offered an answer to the question: "Is a .22 round deadly enough to kill with one shot to a human's head?" He also bought a replica British army Second World War dagger.[2]

Trial, conviction, and sentence

On 18 June, police announced that Mair had been charged with murder, grievous bodily harm, possession of a firearm with intent to commit an indictable offence and possession of an offensive weapon.[25] The same day, he appeared before Westminster Magistrates' Court and when asked to confirm his name said, "My name is death to traitors, freedom for Britain." He was asked to repeat what he had said, and did so;[25][26] he also refused to give his age or address.[27] His lawyers confirmed his name as Thomas Mair, and said there was no indication of what plea would be given. He was remanded in custody at Belmarsh Prison. Emma Arbuthnot, the Deputy Chief Magistrate presiding at the hearing added, "Bearing in mind the name he has just given, he ought to be seen by a psychiatrist."[25][26]

On 20 June, a bail hearing took place at the Central Criminal Court of England and Wales, the Old Bailey.[27] Mair appeared by video link from Belmarsh Prison and spoke only to confirm his name as Thomas Mair. His lawyer said that Mair would not apply for bail, and the judge, Mr Justice Sweeney, remanded him in custody until a hearing to be held "under terrorism-related protocols" before Mr Justice Saunders.[28][29] At that hearing, on 23 June, a provisional trial date was scheduled for 14 November, a preliminary hearing for 19 September and a plea hearing on 4 October.[30] Saunders said the case would be handled as part of "the terrorism case management list" on which cases related to terrorism (as defined by the Terrorism Act 2000) are placed.[30]

At the September 2016 hearing, Mair's counsel said the defence would not advance a diminished responsibility argument based on medical evidence.[31] At the hearing on 4 October 2016, Mair (appearing by video link) spoke to confirm his name but refused to enter a plea, prompting the judge, Mr Justice Wilkie, to enter not-guilty pleas on his behalf.[31][32]

Mair's trial began at the Old Bailey on 14 November 2016.[33] He made no attempt to defend himself during the seven-day trial.[12] The court heard testimony that during the attack, Mair had cried out "This is for Britain" as well as "keep Britain independent" and "Britain first."[12]

On 23 November 2016, Mair was convicted of Cox's murder, grievous bodily harm against Bernard Carter-Kenny, who was stabbed by Mair after trying to aid Cox, possession of a firearm with intent, and possession of a dagger.[12][34] The jury took about 90 minutes to reach its verdict.[12]

The same day, Mr Justice Wilkie sentenced Mair to life imprisonment. Wilkie said he had no doubt that Mair murdered Cox for the purpose of advancing a political, racial and ideological cause, namely that of violent white supremacism and exclusive nationalism most associated with Nazism and its modern forms. This made the case one of exceptionally high seriousness and accordingly he imposed a whole life term, meaning Mair would not become eligible for parole.[35]

Response

In a statement to the BBC following the conviction of Mair, Cox's widower Brendan stated that he felt only pity for Mair, and expressed hope "that Jo's death will have meaning" in persuading people "that we hold more in common than that which divides us."[36]

Only two newspapers failed to feature a picture of Jo Cox on their front pages as her assassin was put to jail: the Financial Times (who instead focused on the first autumn statement from the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Phillip Hammond) and the Daily Mail. The Mail was criticised for its focus on Mair's mental health and thoughts of matricide as opposed to Mair's extreme ideology. The paper also relegated its coverage of Mair's conviction to page 30 of its print edition, and also for its focus on the fact that Mair "may have murdered MP Jo Cox because he feared losing his home of 40 years to an immigrant family" – a story which was accused of normalising the xenophobia and leading to Cox's assassination.[37] LBC radio presenter James O'Brien accused the paper of double standards, saying that the Mail "has chosen to put the murder by a neo-Nazi of a serving British MP ... on page 30. I don't really understand why. Unless a murder by a neo-Nazi is less offensive to the sensibilities of the editor of this newspaper than a murder by a radical Islamist." O'Brien went on to say that, had the murder of Jo Cox been a Muslim, the story would be on the front page.[38][39]

The Sun and The Mirror accused of inciting racial hatred when it published an article alleging that Mair became a neo-Nazi as his mother's relationship with a black man "radicalised" as a result of this.[40] Although The Sun provided no evidence for its claims,[41] The Mirror included evidence from the trial for its claims, saying that:

“ In the days before he killed Jo Cox – hailed as a "champion of UK inclusivity" – Mair was in his local library googling "matricide" (the murder of one's own mother) and "miscegenation" (breeding between people from different racial backgrounds).[42] ”

Both The Sun and The Daily Mail have been criticised by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance for "fuelling prejudice" through "offensive, discriminatory and provocative terminology", which many people pointed out on social media following the release of these stories, accusing the publications of xenophobia and racism.[43][44] However, on Twitter alone, more than 50,000 abusive and offensive tweets were sent celebrating Cox's assassination, and lauding Mair as a "hero" or "patriot" in the month following her death.[45]

Wider context

Cox's death was the first killing of a sitting British MP since the assassination of Eastbourne MP Ian Gow by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1990,[46][47][48] and the first serious assault since Stephen Timms was stabbed by Roshonara Choudhry in an attempted assassination in 2010.[49][50] Another example of an attack on an MP while carrying out their constituency duties was the attack on then-MP Nigel Jones in 2000, resulting in the death of his assistant, local councillor Andrew Pennington.[51]

Many MPs went ahead with planned constituency surgeries scheduled for the day after Cox's death, but with increased security.[52] A spokeswoman for the National Police Chiefs' Council said that police forces had been asked to remind MPs to be vigilant about their personal safety: "Officers will offer further guidance and advice where an MP requests it on a case-by-case basis depending on any specific threat or risk".[53] MPs also received advice from the party whips' offices urging them to discuss security measures with their local police forces.[52] In July 2016 Kevin McKeever, a Labour politician and partner with Portland Communications, a public relations firm accused of playing an instrumental role in an attempt to force the resignation of Jeremy Corbyn received an alleged death threat telling him he should "prepare to be coxed".[54] Commenting on this incident, and others in which MPs had received threats, Ruth Price, who worked as Cox's parliamentary assistant urged people to "move away from the baseless, nasty and intimidating abuse MPs currently face".[55] At the time of Cox's death, MPs wishing to make additional security arrangements were required to make an application to the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA), the watchdog overseeing their expenses. However, on 20 July, the House of Commons Estimates Committee voted to strip IPSA of this responsibility amid concerns over the timeframe of the process.[56] MPs were also offered training sessions in Krav Maga, a form of unarmed combat that combines judo, jujitsu, boxing and street fighting as a self-defence technique, and is used by the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad. The Yorkshire Post reported that the first session, held in early august, was attended by two MPs and eighteen assistants.[57]

The killing took place exactly a week before the 2016 European Union membership referendum, due to be held on 23 June. The two rival official campaigns suspended their activities as a mark of respect to Cox.[58] David Cameron cancelled a planned rally in Gibraltar supporting British EU membership.[59] Campaigning resumed on Sunday 19 June.[60][61] Polling officials in the Yorkshire and Humber region also halted counting of the referendum ballots on the evening of 23 June in order to observe a minute of silence.[62] The Conservative Party, Liberal Democrats, UK Independence Party and the Green Party all announced that they would not contest the ensuing by-election in Cox's constituency as a mark of respect;[63] Brendan Cox also ruled out standing for the seat.[64] Tracy Brabin, an actress who appeared in Coronation Street, was chosen as Labour's candidate on 23 September,[65] and was subsequently elected to the seat on 20 October.[66] Nine other candidates contested the seat.[67] These included three candidates who stated their intention to stand before the election was officially confirmed. On 20 June, Jack Buckby, a former member of the British National Party announced that he would be a candidate in the by-election, standing for Liberty GB.[68] On 18 July, the English Democrats announced that their deputy chair, Therese Hirst, would also stand as a candidate.[69] Although UKIP did not contest the election, UKIP member Waqas Ali Khan announced on 6 August that he would stand as an independent.[70]

In the days after Cox's death, Arron Banks, a businessman and founder of Leave.EU, a group campaigning for Britain's withdrawal from the European Union, conducted private polling to determine whether the incident would affect the referendum's outcome. After disclosing the matter to LBC radio presenter Iain Dale he was challenged as to whether such a poll was tasteless, but rejected the suggestion: "We were hoping to see what the effect of the event was. That is an interesting point of view, whether it would shift public opinion ... I don't see it as very controversial."[71] Likewise, Gary Jones of the Mirror pressurised political editor Nigel Nelson to write a front-page Mirror story on "the Jo effect", claiming that Jo Cox's death had swung support to Remain in a new opinion poll under the headline: "Tragic Jo's Death Sparks Poll Surge". This is despite the fact that only 192 of the 2,046 answers ComRes received were after the murder of Cox, and that ComRes itself said that "the figures should be treated with a degree of caution given the sample size".[72]

At a speech to the London School of Economics in September, Martin Schulz, the President of the European Parliament cited the "nasty" referendum debate as being a contributing factor in Cox's death. The comments were swiftly criticised by some of Cox's colleagues, including leading Eurosceptic Conservative politician Jacob Rees-Mogg, who described them as "trivialising" her death.[73]

Cox's killing has been likened to that of Swedish politician Anna Lindh in 2003.[74] Lindh was stabbed to death shortly before Sweden's referendum on joining the Euro, which she supported. Campaigning was also suspended after her killing.[75] Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter noted: "Like Jo Cox, Anna Lindh was a young, successful politician, and both were the mothers of two children. Both were also participating in campaigns for the EU when they were murdered".[76]

Brendan Cox had previously claimed that a rise in right-wing extremism was responsible for Jo Cox's death, and that Cox was murdered because of her political views:

“ I think the referendum was clearly a moment of heightened tension and heightened debate and some of that sometimes got out of control, but I think it has nothing to do with the 52% of people that voted for Brexit. Jo was always very clear that it was a completely legitimate choice and there were good reasons for staying and there were good reasons for going. ”
— Brendan Cox[77]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Burns, Janice (18 June 2016). "Murder of Jo Cox: The Suspect". The National. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Cobain, Ian; Parveen, Nazia; Taylor, Matthew (23 November 2016). "The slow-burning hatred that led Thomas Mair to murder Jo Cox". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  3. ↑ "Jo Cox: British MP's alleged killer 'had neo-Nazi links'". Australian Broadcasting Corporation News. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  4. ↑ Pidd, Helen (16 June 2016). "Suspect in Jo Cox's killing described as quiet, polite and reserved". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  5. ↑ "Jo Cox killing: Who is suspect Tommy Mair?". The Irish Times. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  6. ↑ "Jo Cox murder: Thomas Mair asked for mental health treatment day before MP died". The Daily Telegraph. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  7. ↑ "Jo Cox: No medical evidence to be heard in murder trial". BBC News. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  8. 1 2 Stelloh, Tim (19 June 2016). "Thomas Mair, Suspect in Murder of UK Lawmaker Jo Cox, Attended White Supremacy Meeting: Report". NBC News. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  9. 1 2 Potok, Mark (19 June 2016). "Accused British Assassin Thomas Mair Attended Racists' 2000 Meeting". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  10. ↑ Gadher, Dipesh (27 November 2016). "Neo-Nazis face ban after Cox murder". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  11. ↑ Robinson, Sadie (17 June 2016). "Racist hatred behind murder of Jo Cox". Socialist Worker (Britain) (2508). Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ian Cobain & Matthew Taylor, Far-right terrorist Thomas Mair jailed for life for Jo Cox murder, The Guardian (November 23, 2016).
  13. 1 2 3 "Who Is Tommy Mair? Man Arrested Over Jo Cox Murder Linked To Far-Right Groups". Huffington Post. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  14. ↑ "BNP leader cleared of race hate". BBC News. Bradford, United Kingdom. 10 November 2006. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  15. 1 2 3 Hatewatch Staff. "Alleged killer of British MP was a longtime supporter of the neo-Nazi National Alliance". Southern Poverty Law Center.
  16. 1 2 3 Amend, Alex (20 June 2016). "Here Are the Letters Thomas Mair Published in a Pro-Apartheid Magazine". Southern Poverty Law Center.
  17. ↑ Hari, Johann (31 July 2009). "The dark side of Andrew Roberts". The Independent
  18. ↑ "The Nailbomber", BBC Panorama, 30 June 2000. Transcript.
  19. ↑ Hopkins, Nick; Hall, Sarah (30 June 2000). "David Copeland: a quiet introvert, obsessed with Hitler and bombs". The Guardian.
  20. ↑ Castle, Stephen (17 June 2016). "Thomas Mair, Suspect in Jo Cox Killing, Had History of Neo-Nazi Ties and Mental Illness". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  21. ↑ Butler, Patrick (26 August 2016). "Politicians fuelled rise in hate crimes after Brexit vote, says UN body". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  22. ↑ Elgot, Jessica; Mason, Rowena (5 June 2016). "Nigel Farage: migrant sex attacks to be 'nuclear bomb' of EU referendum". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  23. ↑ Wright, Oliver (16 June 2016). "Two Remain vans are following Nigel Farage around London to troll him". The Independent. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  24. ↑ Flynn, Alexis (18 June 2016). "Suspect Charged With Murder in Jo Cox Case Appears in Court". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  25. 1 2 3 Booth, Robert (18 June 2016). "Jo Cox murder suspect tells court his name is 'death to traitors, freedom for Britain'". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  26. 1 2 "Jo Cox MP death: Thomas Mair in court on murder charge". BBC News. 18 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  27. 1 2 Sawer, Patrick; Hughes, Laura; Mendick, Robert; Heighton, Luke (18 June 2016). "Jo Cox's sister calls her 'perfect' and 'utterly amazing' as accused murderer tells court his name is 'Death to traitors, freedom for Britain'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
  28. ↑ Walker, Peter (20 June 2016). "Jo Cox killing: Thomas Mair to face judge under terrorism protocols". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  29. ↑ "Jo Cox MP death: Thomas Mair appears at Old Bailey". BBC News. 20 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  30. 1 2 Dodd, Vikram (23 June 2016). "Thomas Mair to go on trial in autumn accused of Jo Cox murder". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
  31. 1 2 Holden, Michael (4 October 2016). "Not-guilty pleas entered for man accused of killing MP Jo Cox". Reuters. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
  32. ↑ "Jo Cox MP death: Murder accused Thomas Mair refuses to enter pleas". BBC News. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
  33. ↑ "Labour MP Jo Cox 'murdered for political cause'". BBC News. 14 November 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  34. ↑ "Man guilty of murdering MP Jo Cox". BBC News. 23 November 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  35. ↑ Mr Justice Wilkie (23 November 2016). "R v Thomas Mair: Sentencing Remarks of Mr Justice Wilkie" (PDF). Courts and Tribunals Judiciary. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  36. ↑ Sewell, Chan (23 November 2016). "Right-Wing Extremist Convicted of Murdering Jo Cox, a U.K. Lawmaker". New York Times. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  37. ↑ Matrinson, Jane (24 November 2016). "Why didn't the Daily Mail put the jailing of Jo Cox's murderer on its front page?". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  38. ↑ O'Brien, James (24 November 2016). "James O'Brien's Question For The Daily Mail Goes Viral | LBC". LBC. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
  39. ↑ Nelson, Sara C (24 November 2016). "James O'Brien Lets Rip At Daily Mail Amid Backlash Over Tabloid's Jo Cox Coverage". The Huffington Post.
  40. ↑ Topple, Steve (25 November 2016). "The Sun tries to out-racist The Daily Mail with its sickening excuse for Jo Cox's murder [TWEETS]". The Canary. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  41. ↑ "The Sun implies Jo Cox murderer became a Nazi because of mother's black boyfriend – without evidence". Political Scrapbook. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  42. ↑ Armstrong, Jeremy (23 November 2016). "Thomas Mair became white supremacist after mum left him for black boyfriend". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  43. ↑ Dearden, Lizzie (8 October 2016). "The Sun and Daily Mail accused of 'fuelling prejudice' in hate crime report". The Independent. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  44. ↑ Apple, Emily (24 November 2016). "The Daily Mail's breathtaking response to the conviction of Jo Cox's killer is a new low for the UK's gutter press". The Canary. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  45. ↑ Townsend, Mark (26 November 2016). "Jo Cox's murder was followed by 50,000 tweets celebrating her death". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  46. ↑ Boyle, Danny; Akkoc, Raziye (17 June 2016). "Labour MP Jo Cox dies after being shot and stabbed as husband urges people to 'fight against the hate' that killed her". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  47. ↑ Calamur, Krishnadev; Vasilogambros, Matt (16 June 2016). "The Attack on a British MP". The Atlantic. Retrieved 16 June 2016. As our colleague Matt Ford notes, Cox is the first MP to be assassinated in office since Ian Gow, a Conservative lawmaker who was killed in a car bombing by the Irish Republican Army in 1990.
  48. ↑ Rentoul, John (16 June 2016). "Jo Cox Dead: A History of violence against MPs". Independent. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  49. ↑ Siddique, Haroon (16 June 2016). "Attack on Jo Cox is only the latest serious assault against an MP". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  50. ↑ Nicks, Denver (16 June 2016). "Assassinated British MP Was a Vocal Humanitarian". Time. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  51. ↑ "MP's killing raises questions about security". BBC News. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  52. 1 2 "Police urge MPs to review security after Jo Cox attack". BBC News. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  53. ↑ Laville, Sandra; Asthana, Anushka (17 June 2016). "Police contact MPs to advise on security after Jo Cox killing". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  54. ↑ "Worker at PR firm allegedly behind Labour coup plot 'receives death threat'". The Guardian. 5 July 2016.
  55. ↑ Perraudin, Frances (12 July 2016). "Jo Cox's former assistant urges Labour to stand up to 'nasty' MP abuses". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
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  74. ↑ "Swedish politician's death 13 years ago mirrors murder of UK lawmaker". CNBC. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
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