Timeline of Kinshasa
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Kinshassa village (1912)
19th century
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- 14th -18th Century Kongo Kingdom reigned victorious throughout the land
- 1881 - Léopoldville founded as a trading post by Henry Morton Stanley of the UK.
- 1885 - Town becomes part of Congo Free State.[1][2]
- 1898 - Matadi–Kinshasa Railway built.
20th century
- 1908 - Town becomes part of Belgian Congo.
- 1909 - Banque du Congo Belge headquartered in Léopoldville (approximate date).[3]
- 1914 - Grand Hotel ABC built.[4]
- 1917 - Collège Saint-Joseph founded.
- 1926 - Capital of Belgian Congo relocated to Leopoldville from Boma.
- 1928 - Elima newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1935 - Association Sportive Vita Club formed.
- 1936 - Daring Club Motema Pembe (football club) formed.
- 1937
- Stade Reine Astrid (stadium) opens.
- Radio Leo begins broadcasting.[5]
- Hotel Memling built.[4]
- 1938 - Amicale Sportive Dragons football club formed.
- 1939 - Albert I of Belgium monument inaugurated on Place de la Gare.[4]
- 1940 - Radio Congo Belge begins broadcasting.[6]
- 1940s - Ngoma recording studio in business.[6]
- 1943 - École Saint-Luc à Gombe Matadi founded.
- 1952 - Stade Roi Baudouin (stadium) inaugurated.
- 1953
- N'djili Airport inaugurated.
- African Jazz (musical group) formed.[6][7]
- 1954 - University of Lovanium established.[8]
- 1955 - Boulevard Albert I constructed.[4]
- 1956
- OK Jazz musical group formed.[6]
- Colonial Governor-General residence built.
- 1957 - Académie des Beaux-Arts (school) active.
- 1958
- Trico Center for nuclear studies established.[9]
- Plantations Lever au Congo (part of Unilever) headquartered in city.
- 1959
- Anti-colonial riots led by the ABAKO political party.[10]
- L'independance newspaper begins publication.[11]
- 1960
- City becomes capital of independent Republic of the Congo.
- Joseph Kulumba becomes bourgmestre, succeeded by Daniel Kanza.
- 1961 - American School founded.
- 1962 - National School of Law and Administration founded.[12]
- 1963
- Boulevard Albert I renamed "Boulevard du 30 Juin".[4]
- Zoao Boniface becomes bourgmestre.
- 1964
- City becomes capital of Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Hotel Memling built.
- Banque du Congo headquartered in city.[3]
- 1966 - Léopoldville renamed "Kinshasa."[13]
- 1967
- September: Organisation of African Unity summit held.
- National Conservatory of Music and Dramatic Art established.
- 1969
- Kinshasa International Fair begins.
- Zaiko Langa Langa musical group formed.
- 1971
- City becomes capital of Republic of Zaire.
- Office National des Transports headquartered in city.
- Inter Continental hotel in business.
- 1972 - École d'Informatique d'Électronique founded.
- 1974
- September: Zaire 74 music festival held.
- October 30: The Rumble in the Jungle boxing match held.[14]
- 1975 - Sozacom building constructed.[15]
- 1976 - Voix du Zaire broadcasting complex[12] and BCZ building constructed.[15]
- 1977 - Zekete-zekete musical style developed.[6]
- 1979 - Palais du Peuple built.
- 1981 - University of Kinshasa established.[8]
- 1982 - Le Potentiel newspaper begins publication.[3][16]
- 1984 - Population: 2,664,309.[17]
- 1988 - Madiaba musical style developed.[6]
- 1989
- Athletic Club Sodigraf formed.
- La Référence Plus newspaper begins publication.[3]
- 1990 - Population: 3,564,000 (urban agglomeration).[18]
- 1991
- Fundu Kota becomes governor.
- Anti-Mobutu demonstrations.[19]
- 1992 - Kibabu Madiata Nzau becomes governor, succeeded by Bernardin Mungul Diaka.
- 1994
- Orchestre Symphonique Kimbanguiste founded.
- Kamanyola Stadium opens.
- 1996
- Mujinga Swana becomes governor, succeeded by Nkoy Mafuta.
- L'Avenir (Newspaper) begins publication.
- January 8: Airplane crash.
- 1997
- Théophile Mbemba Fundu becomes governor.
- April: General Gabriel Amela Lokima Bahati becomes governor.
- May: City taken by anti-Mobutu forces led by Laurent-Désiré Kabila.[10][20]
- Central Bank of the Congo headquartered in city.
21st century
- 2000 - Population: 5,611,000 (urban agglomeration).[18]
- 2001
- Christophe Muzungu becomes governor, succeeded by Loka Ne Kongo.
- January: President Laurent-Désiré Kabila assassinated.[21]
- 2002
- David Nku Imbié becomes governor.
- Lola ya Bonobo animal sanctuary located near city.
- 2004
- March: Coup attempt.[10]
- May: Jean Kimbunda becomes governor.
- 2005
- Kimbembe Mazunga becomes governor.
- Population: 7,106,000 (urban agglomeration).[18]
- 2006
- Post-election unrest.[22]
- Baudoin Liwanga becomes governor.
- 2007
- March: Conflict between Bemba supporters and government forces.[10][23]
- March 16: André Kimbuta becomes governor.
- City website online (approximate date).[24]
- 2011 - February 27: Coup attempt.
- 2012
- October: Organisation internationale de la Francophonie summit held.
- Population: 9,046,000.
- 2014
- 2015 - January: 2015 Congolese protests.[26]
See also
- History of Kinshasa
- Urban history of Kinshasa (in French)
- Communes of Kinshasa
- List of television stations in Kinshasa
- History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
References
- ↑ Henry Phillips, Jr. (1889). "An Account of the Congo Independent State". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 26.
- ↑ Muriel E. Chamberlain (2013) [1998]. "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Democratic Republic of the Congo: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Mwana Mboka (ed.). "Kinshasa Then and Now (blog)". Retrieved 30 September 2014 – via Blogspot.
- ↑ Gary Stewart (2003). Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos. Verso. ISBN 978-1-85984-368-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ruth M. Stone, ed. (2010). Garland Handbook of African Music (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-90001-4.
- ↑ Jesse Samba Wheeler (2005), "Rumba Lingala as Colonial Resistance", Image & Narrative, 10 – via Internet Archive
- 1 2 "Université de Kinshasa". Southern African Regional Universities Association. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Congo arrest over missing uranium". BBC News. March 8, 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 "Democratic Republic of Congo: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Kinshasa (Congo) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- 1 2 Emizet Francois Kisangani; Scott F. Bobb (2009). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (3rd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6325-5.
- ↑ Didier Gondola (2002). "Timeline of Historical Events". History of Congo. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-31696-8.
- ↑ Quintard Taylor (ed.), "Kinshasa, Congo", BlackPast.org, retrieved 30 September 2014
- 1 2 Marc Pain (1984). Kinshasa: la ville et la cité (in French). IRD Editions. ISBN 978-2-7099-0728-6.
- ↑ "Kinshasa (Congo) -- Newspapers". Global Resources Network. Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "Congo (Dem. Rep.): largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer. Stefan Helders. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- 1 2 3 "The State of African Cities 2010: Governance, Inequalities and Urban Land Markets". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2010.
- ↑ "Mobutu's Militia Confronts Protesters in Kinshasa". New York Times. October 22, 1991. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Mobutu Gives Up, Leaving Kinshasa and Ceding Power". New York Times. May 17, 1997. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Congo leader Kabila 'killed'". The Guardian. UK. January 17, 2001. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2007). "Democratic Republic of the Congo". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2006. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 90-04-20556-X.
- ↑ "DRC". Global Voices Online. March 23, 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Ville de Kinshasa - Le Site officiel" (in French). Archived from the original on September 2007 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ James Gallagher (October 2, 2014). "Aids: Origin of pandemic 'was 1920s Kinshasa'". BBC. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
- ↑ "Congo's #Telema protests", The Guardian, UK, 21 January 2015
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Further reading
- Okwui Enwezor, ed. (2002). Under Siege: Four African Cities, Freetown, Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Lagos. Ostfildern, Germany: Hatje Cantz. ISBN 978-3-7757-9090-1.
Documenta11
+ website - Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (2005). "Kinshasa". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- Pascal Kapagama; Rachel Waterhouse (2009), Portrait of Kinshasa: A City on (the) Edge, London: Crisis States Research Centre – via International Relations and Security Network
- "Histoire". Kinshasa. Le Petit Futé (in French). 2012.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kinshasa. |
- "(Articles related to Kinshasa)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Kinshasa, various dates
- Flickr. Kinshasa in the '70s (set of photos)
- "(Items related to Kinshasa)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library.
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