Tito Puente

Tito Puente
Background information
Birth name	Ernesto Antonio Puente
Born	(1923-04-20)April 20, 1923 Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
Died	May 31, 2000(2000-05-31) (aged 77) Manhattan, New York City
Genres	Latin jazz Afro-Cuban jazz mambo
Occupation(s)	Musician songwriter record producer
Instruments	Timbales vibraphone
Years active	1946–2000
Labels	Tico Fania Sony Discos RMM Concord Picante
Associated acts	La Lupe Celia Cruz Santos Colón The Blackout All-Stars

Ernesto Antonio "Tito" Puente (April 20, 1923 – May 31, 2000)^[1] was an American musician, songwriter and record producer. The son of native Puerto Ricans Ernest and Ercilia Puente, living in New York City's Spanish Harlem community, Puente is often credited as "The Musical Pope", "El Rey de los Timbales" (The King of the Timbales) and "The King of Latin Music". He is best known for dance-oriented mambo and Latin jazz compositions that endured over a 50-year career. He and his music appear in many films such as The Mambo Kings and Fernando Trueba's Calle 54. He guest-starred on several television shows, including Sesame Street and The Simpsons two-part episode "Who Shot Mr. Burns?".

Early life

Tito Puente was born on April 20, 1923, at Harlem Hospital Center in the New York borough of Manhattan.^[2][3] His family moved frequently, but he spent the majority of his childhood in the Spanish Harlem area of the city.^[2] Puente's father was the foreman at a razorblade factory.^[4]

As a child, he was described as hyperactive, and after neighbors complained of hearing seven-year-old Puente beating on pots and window frames, his mother sent him to 25-cent piano lessons.^[4] By the age of 10, he switched to percussion, drawing influence from jazz drummer Gene Krupa.^[4] He later created a song-and-dance duo with his sister Anna in the 1930s and intended to become a dancer, but an ankle tendon injury prevented him pursuing dance as a career.^[3][4] When the drummer in Machito's band was drafted to the army, Puente subsequently took his place.^[4]

Career

Tito Puente served in the Navy for three years during World War II after being drafted in 1942. He was discharged with a Presidential Unit Citation for serving in nine battles on the escort carrier USS Santee (CVE-29). The GI Bill allowed him to study music at Juilliard School of Music, where he completed a formal education in conducting, orchestration and theory. In 1969, he received the key to the City of New York from former Mayor John Lindsay. In 1992, he was inducted into the National Congressional Record, and in 1993 he received the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal from the Smithsonian.^[5]

During the 1950s, Puente was at the height of his popularity, and helped to bring Afro-Cuban and Caribbean sounds like mambo, son, and cha-cha-chá, to mainstream audiences. Puente was so successful playing popular Afro-Cuban rhythms that many people mistakenly identify him as Cuban. Dance Mania, possibly Puente's most well known album, was released in 1958.^[7] Later, he moved into more diverse sounds, including pop music, bossa nova and others, eventually settling down with a fusion of Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz. In 1979, Puente won the first of five Grammy Awards for the albums A Tribute to Benny Moré, On Broadway, Mambo Diablo, and Goza Mi Timbal. In 1990, Puente was awarded the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal. He was also awarded a Grammy at the first Latin Grammy Awards, winning Best Traditional Tropical Album for Mambo Birdland. In 1995, he appeared as himself on the Simpsons episode "Who Shot Mr. Burns?" In early 2000, he shot the music documentary Calle 54, wearing an all-white outfit with his band.^[8] After a show in Puerto Rico on May 31, he suffered a massive heart attack and was flown to New York City for surgery to repair a heart valve, but complications developed and he died on May 31, 2000.^[9] He was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2003.

Tito Puente's name is often mentioned in a television production called La Epoca,^[10] a film about the Palladium era in New York, Afro-Cuban music and rhythms, mambo and salsa as dances and music and much more. The film discusses many of Tito Puente's as well as Arsenio Rodríguez's contributions, and features interviews with some of the musicians Puente recorded with such as Alfonso "El Panameno" Joseph, Luis Mangual, Julian Lianos and others.

Puente's youngest son, Tito Puente Jr., has continued his father's legacy by presenting many of the same songs in his performances and recordings, while daughter Audrey Puente is a television meteorologist for WNYW and WWOR-TV in New York City. Puente's granddaughter, Janeen Puente, is a singer and bandleader. Her band is known as the Janeen Puente Orchestra.^[11]

Awards and recognition

Timbales on display at the Smithsonian

• During the presidency of Sen. Roberto Rexach Benítez, Tito Puente received the unique honor of having both a special session of the Senate of Puerto Rico dedicated to him, and being allowed to perform in his unique style on the floor of the Senate while it was in session.
• On September 10, 2007, a United States Post Office in Spanish Harlem was named after him at a ceremony presided by House Ways and Means Committee Chairman Charles Rangel (D-NY) and Rep. José Serrano (D-NY).
• An amphitheatre was named in his honor at Luis Muñoz Marín Park, next to the Roberto Clemente Coliseum, in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• Puente performed at the closing ceremonies at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. The timbales he used there are on display at the National Museum of American History in Washington D.C.
• In 1997, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts.^[12]
• In 1990 he received a Star on the Hollywood Walk Of Fame. (ref Hollywood Chamber Of Commerce)
• In 1984 he received an honorary Decree from the Los Angeles City Council.
• On June 5, 2005, Puente was honored by Union City, New Jersey with a star on the Walk of Fame at Union City's Celia Cruz Park.^[13]

Discography

As leader

As sideman

With Dizzy Gillespie

• Rhythmstick (1990)

With Sonny Stitt

• The Matadors Meet the Bull (Roulette, 1965)

Filmography

Selected Feature Films

• Armed and Dangerous (1986)
• Radio Days (1987)
• The Mambo Kings (1992)
• Stripes (1981) (mentioned)

Documentaries

• Tito Puente: The King of Latin Music (2000)^[14]
• PROFILES featuring Tito Puente Jr. (2007)
• Latin Knights (2005)
• Calle 54 (2000)^[15]

Concert films

• Tito Puente - Live in Montreal (Montreal Jazz Festival) (1983) (2003)

References

Further reading

• Steven Loza (1999) Tito Puente and the Making of Latin Music, University of Illinois Press
• Josephine Powell (2007) "Tito Puente:When The Drums Are Dreaming", (Authorhouse 2007)

External links

• Tito Puente at NPR Music
• Tito Puente on the Internet Movie Database
• Tito Puente at Find a Grave