Tomaszów Mazowiecki

Tomaszów Mazowiecki

Modern buildings

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Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Coordinates: 51°31′N 20°1′E / 51.517°N 20.017°E / 51.517; 20.017
Country  Poland
Voivodeship Łódź
County Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Gmina Tomaszów Mazowiecki (urban gmina)
Established 18th century
Town rights 1830
Government
 • Mayor Marcin Witko
Area
 • Total 41.3 km2 (15.9 sq mi)
Population (2006)
 • Total 66,705
 • Density 1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 97-200
Area code(s) +48 44
Car plates ETM
Website http://www.tomaszow-maz.eu

Tomaszów Mazowiecki pronounced [ tɔˈmaʂuf mazɔˈvjɛt͡ski ] is a town in central Poland with 67,159 inhabitants (2004). Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship (since 1999), it was previously part of Piotrków Trybunalski Voivodeship (1975–1998). Tomaszów occupies an area of 41.3 square kilometres (15.9 sq mi) as of 2002.

The town is situated on the banks of three rivers, the Pilica, Wolbórka, and Czarna Bielina, and is near the Zalew Sulejowski reservoir and the edge of the Puszcza Spalska wilderness area.

History

Tomaszów Mazowiecki was granted the status of an industry and trade settlement (osada fabryczno-handlowa) in 1824, and was designated a city in 1830 during the November Uprising in Congress Poland against the Russian Empire. A year later the Jewish Qahal was founded.[1]

The Holocaust

By 1931 the Jewish population of the city grew to 11,310 inhabitants, or about 30% of the general population of Tomaszów.[1] During the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939 the city was overrun by Nazi Germany. Next month the Great Synagogue was burned to the ground as first on 16 October 1939; the remaining two synagogues were destroyed on 7–14 November.[1] The Ghetto for the imprisonment of 16,500 Polish Jews was created in December 1940, and closed off from the outside in December 1941. Hunger was rampant, followed by the typhus epidemic. In December 1942 some 15,000 Jews were deported aboard Holocaust trains to Treblinka extermination camp. Some 200 Jews from Tomaszów are known to have survived World War II.[1]

Land usage

According to data from 2006, Tomaszów Mazowiecki has an area of 41.3 km2; about 45% of the land is put to agricultural use, 13% is forested, and the city itself covers about 4.03% of the area.

Education

Transportation

Several national and regional routes cross each other in the city:

Sulejów Landscape Park

Niebieskie Źródła Nature Reserve

In the valley of the Pilica river in the south-eastern part of the town there is a unique natural karst spring of water containing calcium salts, that is an object of protection in Niebieskie Źródła Nature Reserve in Sulejów Landscape Park. The origin of the name of the reserve Niebieskie Źródła, that means Blue Springs, comes from the fact that red waves are absorbed by water and only blue and green are reflected from the bottom of the spring, giving that atypical colour.[2] The reserve in situated near the end of Saint Anthony Street (in Polish: ulica świętego Antoniego) that begins in the centre of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, in proximity to the central square, called Kościuszko Square (in Polish: plac Kościuszki).

A view of the Zalew Sulejowski

Zalew Sulejowski

Main article: Zalew Sulejowski

The Zalew Sulejowski is a large reservoir built from 1969–1973 in order to help meet the demand for fresh drinking water in the city of Łódź and the city of Tomaszów Mazowiecki. The actual reservoir is situated on the territory of three gminas: Tomaszów, Piotrków and Wolbórz. It is popular place for water sports, including windsurfing, kayaking and sailing.

Konewka Bunkers

The Konewka Bunkers is a complex of various technical and headquarters buildings, among which is a large bunker capable of protecting a train from an air raid, normally serving as a station to unload the cargo of the train.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Tomaszów Mazowiecki is twinned with:

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Fronczkowski M. (2015). "History of Tomaszów Mazowiecki". "Tomaszowscy Żydzi", Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego. Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich POLIN. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  2. ↑ http://www.touristlink.com/poland/blue-springs-of-tomaszow-mazowiecki/overview.html
  3. ↑ "Офіційний сайт міста Івано-Франківська" (in Ukrainian). mvk.if.ua. Retrieved 7 March 2010.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tomaszów Mazowiecki.

Coordinates: 51°32′N 20°01′E / 51.533°N 20.017°E / 51.533; 20.017

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