Aytos

Aytos
Айтос

Aytos from the Hisarya Heights above town
Aytos

Location of Aytos

Coordinates: 42°42′N 27°15′E / 42.700°N 27.250°E / 42.700; 27.250
Country Bulgaria
Province
(Oblast)		 Burgas
Government
 • Mayor Vasil Edrev
Area
 • City 79.033 km2 (30.515 sq mi)
Elevation 95 m (312 ft)
Population (December 2014)[1]
 • City 19,615
 • Density 250/km2 (640/sq mi)
 • Urban 32,243
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal Code 8500
Area code(s) 558
Website Official website

Aytos (Bulgarian: Айтос), sometimes written Aitos and Ajtos, is a town located in eastern Bulgaria some 30 kilometers from the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and belonging to the administrative boundaries of Burgas Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Aytos Municipality. As of December 2009, the town has a population of 21,067 inhabitants.[1]

History

Aytos has a rich and long history dating back to antiquity. An old settlement founded by Thracian tribes, archaeological finds near the town testify that its existence dates back to the 5th century BC. Throughout the centuries, the town has been known under different names including Aetòs (in Greek Αετός meaning eagle), Astòs (Αστός), Eidos (Είδος), Aquilia, Tchengis, etc.

During the reign of Khan Tervel, the region was incorporated in the Bulgarian Empire for the first time. The fortress Aetos took an important part in the defensive system of the Bulgarian lands against the sudden attacks of the Tatars, the Avars and the Crusaders.

In 1206, Aytos together with many cities in Bulgarian province of Thrace was destroyed by the Crusaders, led by Henry of Flanders. Henry of Flanders was a brother of Baldwin I, emperor of Latin Empire of Constantinople. A fortified city was rebuilt at 1488.

In 1378 the town was conquered by the armies of the Ottoman Empire under Murad I. During the Russian-Turkish War (1828–1829), General Hans Karl von Diebitsch turned the town into a strategic strong point. After the Treaty of Edirne in 1829, many of the town's citizens fled to Bessarabia to join the Bessarabian Bulgarians.

During the Bulgarian National Revival the population participated actively in the Bulgarian struggles for liberation. Vasil Levski organized a revolutionary committee in the town.

After the Liberation, Aytos became a vivid commercial center, reputedly more important than Burgas. The first girls' agricultural school in the country was established in Aytos during the period.

Transport

The geographic location determines the special significance of the municipality as a transport junction, where the road networks between Northern Bulgaria and Southern Bulgaria in this part of the country join. Important highways and the railway from Sofia to Burgas pass through it. Its good transport characteristics are also determined by the fact that it is only 28 km from Burgas, a key Black Sea port.

Climate

Climate data for Aytos, Bulgaria
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6)		 8.4
(47.1)		 12.4
(54.3)		 18.7
(65.7)		 24.4
(75.9)		 27.5
(81.5)		 30.6
(87.1)		 30.8
(87.4)		 26.7
(80.1)		 21.2
(70.2)		 14.6
(58.3)		 8.1
(46.6)		 19.2
(66.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.2
(36)		 3.2
(37.8)		 6.8
(44.2)		 13.1
(55.6)		 18.8
(65.8)		 22.2
(72)		 25.1
(77.2)		 25.2
(77.4)		 21.0
(69.8)		 15.9
(60.6)		 9.5
(49.1)		 4.4
(39.9)		 14.0
(57.2)
Average low °C (°F) −1.6
(29.1)		 −1
(30)		 2.1
(35.8)		 7.4
(45.3)		 12.1
(53.8)		 15.4
(59.7)		 18.1
(64.6)		 18.0
(64.4)		 14.2
(57.6)		 9.5
(49.1)		 5.3
(41.5)		 0.8
(33.4)		 8.4
(47.1)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 40
(1.57)		 35
(1.38)		 31
(1.22)		 46
(1.81)		 59
(2.32)		 67
(2.64)		 43
(1.69)		 36
(1.42)		 34
(1.34)		 41
(1.61)		 54
(2.13)		 53
(2.09)		 539
(21.22)
Source: Stringmeteo.com[2]

Culture

The town hosts the annual folk festival and competition Slaveevi Noshti, which takes place every Spring during the months of May and June. The festival is held at the "Slaveeva Reka" Recreational Park and it celebrates traditional dance and folk music from across Bulgaria.

Sports

Established in the early '50s, the famous Aytos Sports Academy “Vihar” has produced many national and international gymnastics champions including three-time international champion Silviya Kostova. The Academy has a popular soccer team as well -- "Vihar Aytos".

Recreation and tourism

The eagle statue and city sign at the entrance to Aytos

Natural landmarks

Historical landmarks

Cultural landmarks

Famous citizens

Honour

Aytos Point on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named for Aytos.

References

  1. 1 2 (English) 2014 Census, Aytos population
  2. ↑ , Stringmeteo.com Retrieved February 23, 2012.

External links

Coordinates: 42°42′N 27°15′E / 42.700°N 27.250°E / 42.700; 27.250

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