Complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment

CCPDMA is the acronym for "complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment". It is the preferred method for the removal of certain cancers, especially skin cancers.[1][2]

There are two forms of CCPDMA surgery: Mohs surgery and surgical excision coupled with margin assessment. Mohs surgery often requires surgical reconstruction by a plastic surgeon afterward. Surgical excision has the advantage of immediate surgical closure of the wound. Other examples of CCPDMA are found in classical pathology textbooks as techniques of cutting surgical specimens to allow the examination of the inferior and lateral margins of typically elliptical surgical specimens.

Comparison to alternatives

False negative in standard bread loafing histology: If the pathologist looks only at the margin of the three narrow slices, the many cancerous cells on the discarded margins will be missed.

CCPDMA is superior to standard bread loafing due to very low false negative error rate. Bread loafing extrapolates the margin exam of a few representative slides to the entire surgical margin. CCPDMA allows for the complete examination of the surgical margin without statistical extrapolation and assumptions.

The first advantage of CCPDMA method is that it allows for the complete examination of the entire surgical margin of the specimen. The second advantage of CCPDMA is allowing the surgeon to remove only a very small surgical margin. As the CCPDMA surgery is frequently performed using frozen section pathology, immediate reporting of positive surgical margin is made, and the tumor can be completely removed in the same day. Traditional pathology processing is called "bread loafing", and only allows for the partial examination of the surgical margin. Some surgeons send the specimen out for processing, and the result of the surgical margin assessment may not made until days later.[3]

Pictogram of Margin Controlled Histology (CCPDMA)
Comparing Mohs Surgery Method to smashing an aluminum pie pan
How a Mohs Section is flattened with relaxing incisions

CCPDMA is subject to the basic principles of histology sectioning. From a physical standpoint, the true margin is never assessed because a thin face margin has to be cut through in order to make the slide for examination. Therefore, a true and complete assessment of all margins is never achieved. Serial sectioning allows CCPDMA approaches near-complete evaluation of the surgical margin and may be performed by pathologists, dermatologists, and surgeons.

References

  1. ↑ http://wwwu.tsgh.ndmctsgh.edu.tw/commcpc/images/nccn/Non-Melanoma%20Skin%20Cancer-2007.pdf
  2. ↑ (PDF) http://wwwu.tsgh.ndmctsgh.edu.tw/commcpc/images/nccn/dfsp%20NCCN%202004.pdf. Retrieved March 21, 2010. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ↑ Kimyai-Asadi A, et al. Dermatol Surg. 2007 Dec;33(12):1434-9; discussion 1439-41. Margin involvement after the excision of melanoma in situ: the need for complete en face examination of the surgical margins.
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