Chief Justice of the Leeward Islands

The Chief Justice of the Leeward Islands headed the Supreme Court of the Leeward Islands.

The British Leeward Islands was a British colony existing between 1833 and 1960, and consisting of Antigua, Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Saint Kitts, Nevis, Anguilla and Dominica (to 1940). Prior to 1871, when the Supreme Court was established, the individual islands had their own courts.

In 1939 the Windward and Leeward Islands Supreme Court and the Windward and Leeward Islands Court of Appeal were established, which was replaced in 1967 by the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court which provides both functions.^[1]

List of Chief Justices

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Antigua

1706– Samuel Watkins ^[2]
?–1716 John Gamble ^[3]
1716–c.1742 Samuel Watkins ^[3]
?–1750 William Lavington^[4]
1750– William Blizard ^[4]
?–1759 Richard Wilson ^[5]
1759–1762 Ralph Payne^[6]
c.1776 Thomas Jarvis ^[7]
c.1792–1814 Rowland Burton^[8]
1814–1822 James Athill ^[9]
1823–c.1833 Paul Daxon Horsford ^[9]
c.1844–1847 Richard Weston Nanton ^[10]
1847–1856 Robert Marsh Horsford ^[11]
1856–>1863 Sir William Snagg ^[12]^[13] (Antigua and Montserrat) (afterwards Chief Justice of British Guiana, 1868)
1863–1864 Richard Weston Mara (acting)^[11]

Dominica

c.1790 John Matson
1806 John Burrows
1812–c.1825 Archibald Gloster ^[14]
1827–1828 John O'Driscoll
1828–1833 Robert Sympson Jameson (later as Attorney General of Upper Canada, vice-chancellor of the Court of Chancery of Upper Canada, Treasurer of the Law Society of Upper Canada, member of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada and Legislative Council of the Province of Canada)
c.1844 Henry John Glanville ^[10]
1856–1861 Alan Ker ^[15]
1861– Shalto Thomas Pemberton ^[11]

Montserrat

1804– M. Dyett ^[9]
c.1822–c.1825 Thomas Hill ^[14]
c.1833 Dudley Semper
c.1842 John P. Trott ^[16]
c.1844 Samuel Lee Frith ^[10]
1844–1847 John Shiell
1847–1856 Sir Robert Marsh Horsford ^[17]
1856– William Snagg ^[12] (afterwards Chief Justice of British Guiana, 1868)

Nevis

1731–1751 John Dasent
1754– Joseph Herbert (died 1768)
1781-?1797 John Dasent
1787– John Ward
George Webb Daniell
1810– James Weekes ^[18]
c.1822–1833 William Lawrence
c.1844 George Webb ^[10]
1854–1856 Alan Ker ^[15]
1856 Aston Devoren ^[19]

St Kitts

c.1717 Clement Crooke
?–1727 John Greatheed ^[20]
1727–c.1730 Jeremiah Browne ^[20]
c.1730 William Pym Burt (died 1750)^[21]
Jeremiah Browne ^[20] (reinstated)
1735– James Gordon^[20]
?–1759 Richard Wilson
1759– Ralph Payne (died 1763) ^[22]
1766– Craister Greatheed (died 1780)
1780–1800 William Payne Georges ^[23]
1804– William Woodley ^[9]
1808–1819 J. Garnett ^[9]
1820–1833 Robert Williams Pickwoad (Pickwood) (died <1834)^[9]
c.1844 Joseph King Wattley, Snr ^[10]
?–1856 Aston Devoren ^[24]
1856 Archibald Paul Burt (temp) ^[24]
1857–1867 Henry James Ross ^[25]

British Leeward Islands

1874–1875 Sir Julian Pauncefote ^[26]
1875–1877 Sir William Henry Doyle ^[27]
1878–1879 Sir George Campbell Anderson ^[28]
1879–1882 Henry James Burford-Hancock ^[29]
1881–1883 Sir John Tankerville Goldney (acting)
1883–1886 John Gorrie (afterwards Chief Justice of Trinidad, 1886)
1886–1891 Henry Ludlow ^[30]
1891–1900 Henry Wrenfordsley ^[31]
1900–1911 John Symonds Udal
1912–1919 Sir Frederic Mackenzie Maxwell ^[32]
1919–1921 Charles James Griffin ^[33]
1921–1922 Alfred Karney Young^[34]
1923–1924 George Campbell Deane ^[35]
<1931–1937 James Stanley Rae ^[36]
1937–1939 Sir Wilfred Wigley ^[37]

Windward and Leeward Islands

1940–1942 James Henry Jarrett
1942–?1953 Clement Malone ^[37]^[38]
1953–?1955 Sir Donald Jackson ^[39]
1955– Joseph Lyttleton Wills ^[40]
1959->1963 Cyril George Xavier Henriques ^[41]

References

↑ "THE ORIGIN OF THE SUPREME COURT IN GRENADA". Barnacle Granada- Granada Newspaper. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
↑ Oliver, Langford. The history of the island of Antigua. p. 125.
1 2 Oliver, Langford. The history of the island of Antigua. p. 90.
1 2 Oliver, Langford. The history of the island of Antigua. p. 106.
↑ The history of the island of Antigua, one of the Leeward Caribbees in the West Indies, from the first settlement in 1635 to the present time. p. 12.
↑ The history of the island of Antigua, one of the Leeward Caribbees in the West Indies, from the first settlement in 1635 to the present time. p. 12.
↑ Oliver, Langford. The history of the island of Antigua. p. 123.
↑ Oliver, Langford. The history of the island of Antigua. p. 139.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command, Volume 31
1 2 3 4 5 The British Imperial Calendar, 1844
1 2 3 The Colonial Office List
1 2 https://archive.org/stream/knightsofengland02shawuoft/knightsofengland02shawuoft_djvu.txt
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/21920/page/3039/data.pdf
1 2 The Royal Kalendar and Court and City Register for England, Scotland
1 2 A Catalogue of Notable Middle Templars:
↑ The Royal Kalendar, and Court and City Register for England, Scotland
↑ https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Alumni_Oxoniensis_%281715-1886%29_volume_2.djvu/323
↑ The history of the island of Antigua.
↑ The London Gazette: no. 21934. p. 3466. 24 October 1856. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
1 2 3 4 Birch, Chris. The Milk Jug Was a Goat.
↑ http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/95643
↑ https://archive.org/stream/historyofislando03oliv/historyofislando03oliv_djvu.txt
↑ http://www.vifamilies.org/images/Georges.doc
1 2 Sir Archibald Burt: First Chief Justice of Western Australia, 1861-1879
↑ Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command, Volume 17
↑ Eyffinger, Arthur. The 1899 Hague Peace Conference: The Parliament of Man, the Federation of the World. p. 153.
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Edinburgh/issue/8569/page/229/data.pdf
↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2015-09-23.
↑ https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Men-at-the-Bar.djvu/236
↑ Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students ..., Volume 2. p. 231.
↑ adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wrenfordsley-sir-henry-thomas-4890
↑ http://www.mocavo.co.uk/The-County-Families-of-the-United-Kingdom-Ed-59/899441/945
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Edinburgh/issue/13390/page/410/data.pdf
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Edinburgh/issue/13873/page/1877/data.pdf
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/Edinburgh/issue/14099/page/146/data.pdf
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33898/supplement/.../data.pdf
1 2 http://www.historicbasseterre.com/hs_persons.asp?HSID=3&PID=3
↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36056/page/2739/data.pdf
↑ The London Gazette: no. 39904. p. 3677. 3 July 1953. Retrieved 2015-10-13.
↑ http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U161069
↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 42870. p. 2. 1 January 1963. Retrieved 2015-10-11.

Chief Justices of the Territories of the British Empire and the United Kingdom

Legend: Current territory; Former territory; * Now a Commonwealth realm; Now a member of the Commonwealth of Nations

Europe

Since 1234 England and Wales Since c.1200 Scotland 1175-1921 Ireland 1708–1757 Minorca Since 1713 Gibraltar 1763–1782 Minorca 1798–1802 Minorca 1800–1813 Malta (Protectorate) 1813–1964 Malta (Colony) 1807–1890 Heligoland 1809–1864 Ionian Islands 1878–1960 Cyprus 1921–1937 Irish Free State Since 1922 Northern Ireland

North America

17th century and before		18th century	19th and 20th century

1579 New Albion 1583–1907 Newfoundland 1605–1979 *Saint Lucia 1607–1776 Virginia Since 1619 Bermuda 1620–1691 Plymouth Colony 1623–1883 Saint Kitts *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1624–1966 *Barbados 1625–1650 Saint Croix 1627–1979 *Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1628–1883 Nevis *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1629–1691 Massachusetts Bay Colony 1632–1776 Maryland since 1632 Montserrat 1632–1860 Antigua *(Antigua & Barbuda) 1636–1776 Connecticut 1636–1776 Rhode Island 1637–1662 New Haven Colony	1643–1860 Bay Islands Since 1650 Anguilla 1655–1850 Mosquito Coast (protectorate) 1655–1962 *Jamaica 1663–1712 Carolina 1664–1776 New York 1665–1674 and 1702–1776 New Jersey Since 1666 British Virgin Islands Since 1670 Cayman Islands 1670–1973 *Bahamas 1670–1870 Rupert's Land 1671–1816 Leeward Islands 1674–1702 East Jersey 1674–1702 West Jersey 1680–1776 New Hampshire 1681–1776 Pennsylvania 1686–1689 Dominion of New England 1691–1776 Massachusetts	1701–1776 Delaware 1712–1776 North Carolina 1712–1776 South Carolina 1713–1867 Nova Scotia 1733–1776 Georgia 1754–1820 Cape Breton Island 1762–1974 *Grenada 1763–1978 Dominica 1763–1873 Prince Edward Island 1763–1791 Quebec 1763–1783 East Florida 1763–1783 West Florida 1784–1867 New Brunswick 1791–1841 Lower Canada 1791–1841 Upper Canada Since 1799 Turks and Caicos Islands	1818–1846 Columbia District/Oregon Country¹ 1833–1960 Windward Islands 1833–1960 Leeward Islands 1841–1867 Province of Canada 1849–1866 Vancouver Island 1853–1863 Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands 1858–1866 British Columbia 1859–1870 North-Western Territory 1860–1981 *British Antigua and Barbuda 1862–1863 Stikine Territory 1866–1871 Vancouver Island and British Columbia 1867–1931 *Dominion of Canada² 1871–1964 British Honduras (*Belize) 1882–1983 *Saint Kitts and Nevis 1889–1962 Trinidad and Tobago 1907–1949 Dominion of Newfoundland³ 1958–1962 West Indies Federation

1. Occupied jointly with the United States.
2. In 1931, Canada and other British dominions obtained self-government through the Statute of Westminster. See Canada's name.
3. Gave up self-rule in 1934, but remained a de jure Dominion until it joined Canada in 1949.

South America

1651–1667 Willoughbyland (Suriname) 1670–1688 Saint Andrew and Providence Islands⁴ 1831–1966 British Guiana (Guyana) Since 1833 Falkland Islands⁵ Since 1908 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands⁵

4. Now the San Andrés y Providencia Department of Colombia. 5. Occupied by Argentina during the Falklands War of April–June 1982.

Africa

17th and 18th centuries	19th century		20th century

Since 1658 Saint Helena¹⁴ 1792–1961 Sierra Leone 1795–1803 Cape Colony	Since 1815 Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ 1806–1910 Cape Colony 1807–1808 Madeira 1810–1968 Mauritius 1816–1965 The Gambia 1856–1910 Natal 1868–1966 Basutoland (Lesotho) 1874–1957 Gold Coast (Ghana) 1882–1922 Egypt	1884–1966 Bechuanaland (Botswana) 1884–1960 British Somaliland 1887–1897 Zululand 1890–1962 Uganda 1890–1963 Zanzibar (Tanzania) 1891–1964 Nyasaland (Malawi) 1891–1907 British Central Africa Protectorate 1893–1968 Swaziland 1895–1920 East Africa Protectorate 1899–1956 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan	1900–1914 Northern Nigeria 1900–1914 Southern Nigeria 1900–1910 Orange River Colony 1900–1910 Transvaal Colony 1903–1976 Seychelles 1906–1954 Nigeria Colony 1910–1931 South Africa 1914–1954 Nigeria Colony and Protectorate 1915–1931 South West Africa (Namibia) 1919–1960 Cameroons (Cameroon)⁶ 1920–1963 Kenya 1922–1961 Tanganyika (Tanzania)⁶ 1923–1965 Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷ 1924–1964 Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) 1953–1963 Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1954–1960 Nigeria 1979–1980 Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷

6. League of Nations mandate.
7. Self-governing Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965 (as Rhodesia) and continued as an unrecognised state until the 1979 Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.

Asia

17th and 18th century	19th century		20th century

1685–1824 Bencoolen (Sumatra) 1702–1705 Pulo Condore 1757-1862 Bengal (to 1862) 1862–1947 Bengal (from 1862) (West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh) 1762–1764 Manila and Cavite 1786–1946 Penang (Malaysia) 1795–1948 Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1796–1965 Maldives	1812–1824 Banka (Sumatra) and Billiton (Sumatra) 1819–1826 British Malaya (West Malaysia and Singapore) 1826–1946 Straits Settlements (Malaysia and Singapore) 1839–1967 Colony of Aden 1839–1842 Afghanistan 1841–1997 Hong Kong 1841–1946 Kingdom of Sarawak (Malaysia) 1848–1946 Labuan (Malaysia) 1858–1947 British India (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, Burma) • Bombay • Calcutta • Madras • North-Western Provinces/Allahabad) 1874–1963 British Borneo (East Malaysia and Brunei)	1879–1919 Afghanistan (protectorate) 1882–1963 British North Borneo (Malaysia) 1885–1946 Unfederated Malay States 1888–1984 Sultanate of Brunei 1891–1971 Muscat and Oman protectorate 1892–1971 Trucial States 1895–1946 Federated Malay States 1898–1930 Weihai Garrison	1907–1949 Bhutan (protectorate) 1918–1961 Kuwait protectorate 1920–1932 Iraq⁸ 1921–1946 Transjordan⁸ 1923–1948 Palestine⁸ 1945–1946 South Vietnam 1946–1963 North Borneo (Malaysia) 1946–1963 Sarawak (Malaysia) 1946–1963 Singapore 1946–1948 Malayan Union 1948–1957 Federation of Malaya (Malaysia) Since 1960 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (before as part of Cyprus) Since 1965 British Indian Ocean Territory (before as part of Mauritius and the Seychelles)

⁸ League of Nations mandate. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty

Oceania

18th and 19th centuries		20th century

1788–1901 New South Wales 1803–1901 Tasmania 1807–1863 Auckland Islands⁹ 1824–1980 New Hebrides (Vanuatu) 1824–1901 Queensland 1829–1901 Western Australia 1836–1901 South Australia since 1838 Pitcairn Islands	1841–1907 Colony of New Zealand 1851–1901 Victoria 1874–1970 Fiji¹⁰ 1877–1976 British Western Pacific Territories 1884–1949 Territory of Papua 1888–1901 Cook Islands⁹ 1889–1948 Union Islands (Tokelau)⁹ 1892–1979 Gilbert and Ellice Islands¹¹ 1893–1978 British Solomon Islands¹²	1900–1970 Tonga (protected state) 1900–1974 Niue⁹ 1901–1942 Commonwealth of AustraliaNorthern Territory 1907–1953 *Dominion of New Zealand 1919–1942 Nauru 1945–1968 Nauru 1919–1949 Territory of New Guinea 1949–1975 Territory of Papua and New Guinea¹³

9. Now part of the *Realm of New Zealand.
10. Suspended member.
11. Now Kiribati and *Tuvalu.
12. Now the *Solomon Islands.
13. Now *Papua New Guinea.

Antarctica and South Atlantic

Since 1658 Saint Helena¹⁴ Since 1815 Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ Since 1908 British Antarctic Territory¹⁵ 1841–1933 Australian Antarctic Territory (transferred to the Commonwealth of Australia) 1841–1947 Ross Dependency (transferred to the Realm of New Zealand)

14. Since 2009 part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. 15. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands).

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