Chishima Province

Chishima Province (千島国, Chishima-no kuni) was a province of Japan created during the Meiji Era. It originally contained the Kuril Islands from Kunashiri northwards, and later incorporated Shikotan as well. Its original territory is currently occupied by Russia, and its later territory was renounced in the San Francisco Treaty (see Kuril Island conflict) except the southernmost four islands.

History

After 1869, the northern Japanese island was known as Hokkaido;^[1] and regional administrative subdivisions were identified, including Chishima Province.^[2]

1869 Japan occupied Kunashir.
August 15, 1869 Chishima Province created with 5 districts.
1872 The population was counted as 437
November, 1875 Karafuto (Sakhalin) ceded to Russia in exchange for Kuril Islands in the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875). Kuril Islands divided into 3 new districts
January, 1885 Shikotan Island transferred from Nemuro Province. Becomes Shikotan District.
In 1945 the Soviet Union province of Sakhalin been formed which included Kunashir District.

Districts

Kunashiri (国後郡) (occupied and administered by Russia, see Kuril Island conflict)
Etorofu (択捉郡) (occupied and administered by Russia)
Furebetsu (振別郡) (dissolved April, 1923 when its villages merged with several villages in Shana and Etorofu districts to form the village of Rubetsu in Etorofu)
Shana (紗那郡) (occupied and administered by Russia)
Shibetoro (蘂取郡) (occupied and administered by Russia)
Shikotan (色丹郡) (split off of Hanasaki District in 1885; currently occupied and administered by Russia)
Uruppu (得撫郡) Acquired in Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875), ceded in San Francisco Treaty
Shimushiru (新知郡) Acquired in Treaty of Saint Petersburg, ceded in San Francisco Treaty
Shumushu (占守郡) Acquired in Treaty of Saint Petersburg, ceded in San Francisco Treaty

Notes

↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Hokkaido" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 343, p. 343, at Google Books.
↑ Satow, Ernest. (1882). "The Geography of Japan" in Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vols. 1-2, p. 88., p. 33, at Google Books

References

Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128

Other websites

Media related to Chishima Province at Wikimedia Commons

Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903

Former provinces of Japan (List)

Kinai	Izumi Kawachi Settsu Yamashiro Yamato Yoshino 716-738

Tōkaidō	Awa Hitachi Iga Ise Izu Kai Kazusa Mikawa Musashi Owari Sagami Shima Shimōsa Suruga Tōtōmi

Tōsandō	Dewa -1869 Hida Iwaki 718-724 Iwaki 1869- Iwase 718-724 Iwashiro 1869- Kōzuke Mino Ōmi Mutsu -1869 Rikuō (or Mutsu) 1869- Rikuchū 1869- Rikuzen 1869- Shimotsuke Shinano Suwa 721-731 Ugo 1869- Uzen 1869-

Hokurikudō	Echigo Echizen Etchū Kaga Noto Sado Wakasa

San'indō	Hōki Inaba Izumo Iwami Oki Tajima Tanba Tango

San'yōdō	Aki Bingo Bitchū Bizen Harima Mimasaka Nagato Suō

Nankaidō	Awa Awaji Iyo Kii Sanuki Tosa

Saikaidō	Bungo Buzen Chikugo Chikuzen Higo Hizen Hyūga Iki Ōsumi Satsuma Tane 702-824 Tsushima

Hokkaidō 1869-	Chishima Hidaka Iburi Ishikari Kitami Kushiro Nemuro Oshima Shiribeshi Teshio Tokachi

Pre-Taihō Code provinces	Chichibu Fusa Hi Keno Kibi Koshi Kumaso Toyo Tsukushi

Source: Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Provinces and prefectures" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books; excerpt, "Japan's former provinces were converted into prefectures by the Meiji government ... [and] grouped, according to geographic position, into the 'five provinces of the Kinai' and 'seven circuits'."

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