Gordon Chung-Hoon

Gordon Paiʻea Chung-Hoon

Admiral Chung-Hoon
Born (1910-07-25)July 25, 1910
Honolulu, Hawaii
Died July 24, 1979(1979-07-24) (aged 68)
Allegiance  United States of America
Service/branch  United States Navy
Years of service 1934–1959
Rank Rear Admiral
Battles/wars World War II
Awards Navy Cross
Silver Star

Gordon Paiʻea Chung-Hoon,[1] (Honolulu, Hawaii, July 25, 1910 – July 24, 1979) was an admiral in the United States Navy, who served during World War II and was the first Asian American flag officer. He is a recipient of the Navy Cross and Silver Star for conspicuous gallantry and extraordinary heroism as commanding officer of USS Sigsbee from May 1944 to October 1945.[1]

Life

Chung-Hoon was born in Honolulu, Hawaii on July 25, 1910. His father, William Chung-Hoon Jr., a Chinese-English-Hawaiian,[2][3] was a county treasurer and his mother Agnes Punana, a Hawaiian, was a member of the Kaahumanu Society. Chung-Hoon was the fourth of five children born to his family.[4] He graduated from Punahou School in 1929.

Military career

Chung-Hoon attended the United States Naval Academy and graduated in May 1934, becoming the first Asian American, U.S. citizen graduate of the academy.[5] While a student he gained national prominence as the football team's halfback and punter, and in 1934 starred on the team that broke an 11-year winless streak against the Army team.[6] In 1958 Sports Illustrated's Silver Anniversary All-American issue featured Chung-Hoon as one of its 1933 football stars.[7]

After graduation Chung-Hoon served in a number of lower-level officer positions in the navy, including as a lieutenant (junior grade) on the USS Dent.[8]

World War II

Chung-Hoon served on the USS Arizona (BB-39) as a lieutenant,[9] but was in Honolulu on a weekend pass during the attack on Pearl Harbor. Chung-Hoon heard the attack from Honolulu and attempted to return to his ship but was delayed by roadblocks and traffic jams.[10] By the time he reached the Arizona the ship had already exploded and sank.

After the sinking of the Arizona, Chung-Hoon served as a naval liaison officer with coastal artillery before becoming executive officer on a destroyer in 1942, working convoy details in the Atlantic.[11] He also served on board the USS Honolulu.[12]

From May 1944 to October 1945 Chung-Hoon commanded the destroyer USS Sigsbee (DD-502). In the spring of 1945, Sigsbee assisted in the destruction of 20 enemy planes while screening a carrier strike force off the Japanese island of Kyūshū. On April 14, 1945, while on radar picket station off Okinawa, a kamikaze crashed into Sigsbee, reducing her starboard engine to five knots and knocking out the ship's port engine and steering control. Despite the damage, then Commander Chung-Hoon kept his antiaircraft batteries delivering "prolonged and effective fire" against the continuing enemy air attack while simultaneously directing the damage control efforts that allowed Sigsbee to make port under her own power.[1]

The damage had been severe enough that Admiral William Halsey, Jr. told Chung-Hoon to scuttle the ship. However, Chung-Hoon declined to do so, telling the admiral "No, I have kids on here that can't swim and I'm not putting them in the water. I'll take her back."[13]

The next day Chung-Hoon lead a burial at sea for the dead. One crewmate said of Chung-Hoon during the burial, "I often remember that the only man tough enough not to duck, was also the only man tender enough to cry."[12]

For Chung-Hoon's service aboard the Sigsbee he received Navy Cross and Silver Star for conspicuous gallantry and extraordinary heroism.[1]

During the war, two of Chung-Hoon's brothers served in the Army in the Pacific theater.[11]

Korean War

From August 16, 1950, to March 7, 1952, Chung-Hoon commanded the USS John W. Thomason (DD-760) during the Korean War. Under Chung-Hoon's command the destroyer operated as part of the 7th Fleet, patrolling off the coast of Korea and taking part in gun bombardments.

Post-military

He retired in October 1959 as a rear admiral. He was appointed to be the Director of the Hawaiian Department of Agriculture,[14] and died in July 1979.[15]

Namesake

The Arleigh Burke class destroyer USS Chung-Hoon is named for him.[16]

The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Commander Gordon Paiea Chung-Hoon, United States Navy, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of this profession as Commanding Officer of the Destroyer U.S.S. SIGSBEE (DD-502), a unit of an Advanced Picket Group, in action against enemy Japanese forces in the vicinity of Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, on 14 April 1945. Although his ship suffered major damage when struck by an enemy plane and all power was lost, Commander Chung-Hoon coolly carried out defensive maneuvers and directed his anti-aircraft batteries in delivering prolonged and effective fire against the continued heavy enemy air attack. Afterwards, he supervised damage-control procedure which resulted in his ship being made sea-worthy for a safe return to port under its own restored power. Commander Chung-Hoon's gallant fighting spirit, courage and unwavering devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.[17]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 William Cole (September 16, 2004). "USS Chung-Hoon at home in Pearl Harbor". Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  2. ↑ JO1 Daniel J. Calderón (20 September 2004). "Chung-Hoon Commissioned". Navy Region Hawaii Public Affairs. United States Navy. Retrieved 19 June 2011. The commissioning ceremony paid homage to Adm. Chung-Hoon’s combined Chinese and Hawaiian ancestry.
  3. ↑ William Cole (16 September 2004). "USS Chung-Hoon at home in Pearl Harbor". The Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved 19 June 2011. Chinese, Hawaiian and English ancestry.
  4. ↑ "Rear Admiral Gordon P. Chung-Hoon" from Asian-American WAR Heroes, accessed March 5, 2016.
  5. ↑ Gelfand, H. Michael (2006). Sea change at Annapolis: the United States Naval Academy, 1949-2000, Volume 415. UNC Press. p. 48. ISBN 0-8078-3047-X. Retrieved September 2, 2009.
  6. ↑ Jack Clary (October 19, 2008). "Navy To Play Its 1200th Football Game Saturday Against SMU". Navysports.com. CBS Interactive. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  7. ↑ "Chung-Hoon Obituary," USS SIGSBEE DD-502 website, accessed March 5, 2016.
  8. ↑ 1938 US Navy Directory, Active List, page 17.
  9. ↑ "BOOK REVIEW – The Men of the Arizona (BB-39)" reviewed by LCdr. Jason P. Grower, USN, Naval Historical Foundation, Dec. 6, 2016.
  10. ↑ Duty, Honor, Victory: America's Athletes in World War II by Gary L. Bloomfield, Globe Pequot, 2004, page 20.
  11. 1 2 "Chung-Hoon, Former Grid Great at Academy Still Winning Letters on Pacific Navy Team" by Laurie Johnston, The Honolulu Advertiser, 1945.
  12. 1 2 "TESTIMONIAL TO GORDAN PAEIA CHUNG-HOON, Captain USS SIGSBEE 14 May 1944 to 19 June 1945" by John R. Williams, Signalman Second Class, USS Sigbee website, accessed 7/25/16.
  13. ↑ "USS Chung-Hoon at home in Pearl Harbor" by William Cole, The Honolulu Advertiser, September 16, 2004.
  14. ↑ AsianWeek Staff (8 July 2009). "Gordon Pai'ea Chung-Hoon". Chinese American Heroes. AsianWeek. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  15. ↑ Lt. j.g. James McLeod (September 10, 2004). "Chung-Hoon arrives today" (PDF). Hawaiʻi Navy News. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  16. ↑ Journalist 1st Class Daniel J. Calderón (September 20, 2004). "Chung-Hoon Commissioned". Navy NewsStand. Retrieved October 2009. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  17. ↑ "Hall of Valor for Gordon Paiea Chung-Hoon," Military Times, accessed March 5, 2016.
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