Lateral pontine syndrome

Lateral pontine syndrome

Pons
Classification and external resources
Specialty	neurology
ICD-10	G46.3

A lateral pontine syndrome is a lesion which is similar to the lateral medullary syndrome, but because it occurs in the pons, it also involves the cranial nerve nuclei of the pons.

Causes

It can be caused by an interruption to the blood supply of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery.

Damage to the following areas produces symptoms (from medial to lateral):

Structure affected	Effect
Lateral spinothalamic tract	Contralateral loss of pain and temperature from the trunk and extremities.
Facial nucleus & facial Nerve (CN.VII)	(1) Ipsilateral paralysis of the upper and lower face (lower motor neuron lesion). (2) Ipsilateral loss of lacrimation and reduced salivation. (3) Ipsilateral loss of taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. (4) Loss of corneal reflex (efferent limb).
Spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract	Ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation from the face (facial hemianesthesia)
Vestibular Nuclei and intraaxial nerve fibers	Nystagmus, nausea, vomiting, and vertigo
Cochlear nuclei and intraaxial nerve fibers	Hearing loss - ipsilateral central deafness
Middle & inferior cerebellar peduncle	Ipsilateral limb and gait ataxia
Descending sympathetic tract	Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome (ptosis, miosis, & anhydrosis)

TACI, PACI	precerebral: Carotid artery stenosis cerebral: MCA ACA Amaurosis fugax Moyamoya disease

POCI	precerebral: Anterior spinal artery syndrome Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Subclavian steal syndrome brainstem: medulla Medial medullary syndrome Lateral medullary syndrome pons Medial pontine syndrome/Foville's Lateral pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler midbrain Weber's Benedikt Claude's cerebral: PCA Lacunar stroke Dejerine–Roussy syndrome cerebellar

General	cerebral: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis CADASIL Binswanger's disease Transient global amnesia

Extra-axial	Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid

Cerebral/Intra-axial	Intraventricular

Brainstem	Duret haemorrhage

Other/general

Medulla (CN 8, 9, 10, 12)	Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg PICA Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine ASA

Pons (CN 5, 6, 7, 8)	Upper dorsal pontine syndrome/Raymond Céstan syndrome Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) Medial pontine syndrome/Millard-Gubler syndrome/Foville's syndrome(basilar) Locked-in syndrome Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome

Midbrain (CN 3, 4)	Weber's syndrome ventral peduncle, PCA Benedikt syndrome ventral tegmentum, PCA Parinaud's syndrome dorsal, tumor Nothnagel's syndrome Claude's syndrome

Other	Alternating hemiplegia

Other

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