Yilan County, Heilongjiang
| Yilan County 依兰县 | |
|---|---|
| County | |
  Yilan Location in Heilongjiang | |
| Coordinates: 46°19′01″N 129°33′43″E / 46.317°N 129.562°ECoordinates: 46°19′01″N 129°33′43″E / 46.317°N 129.562°E[1] | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Heilongjiang |
| Sub-provincial city | Harbin |
| Area[2] | |
| • Total | 4,616.0 km2 (1,782.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 97 m (321 ft) |
| Population (2010)[3] | |
| • Total | 388,319 |
| • Density | 84/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 1548XX |
| Harbin district map | |
| Website |
hrbyl |
Yilan County (simplified Chinese: 依兰县; traditional Chinese: 依蘭縣; pinyin: Yīlán Xiàn) is under the administration of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. It is more than 240 kilometres (150 mi) to the east-northeast of central Harbin. Its county seat, which is also called Yilan (Yilan Town, Yilan zhen), is located near the confluence of the Mudan River (formerly known as the Hurka River) with the Sungari. The easternmost county-level division of Harbin City, it borders Fangzheng County to the southwest, Tonghe County to the west, as well as the prefecture-level cities of Yichun to the north, Jiamusi to the northeast, Qitaihe to the southeast, and Mudanjiang to the south.
Transportation
History
During the rule of the Ming Dynasty in China, Yilan, formerly known as Sanxing (三姓; Wade-Giles: San-hsing; historically also Romanized as San Sing[4]), was one of the two important centers of the Jianzhou Jurchens of the Hurka River valley. (The other center was Ninguta in the upper reaches of the Hurka).[5]
The town retained its importance into the Qing period, and in 1692 became the seat of a Deputy Lieutenant-General (副都統計, fu dutong). Subordinated to the Governor General (jiangjun) in Jilin City. the Sanxing Fu dutong was in control of the northeastern section of the Jilin Province (which in those days was much larger than now) - a large region stretching northeast along the Sungari and the Amur to the Pacific Ocean.[6]
In 1887, three British travelers - H. E. M. James, Francis Younghusband and Harry English Fulford visited Sanxing on their tour of Manchuria. According to Fulford's account, the town had the population of around 10,000, trade in furs and fish (salmon and sturgeon) being its main industries.[4]
Lu Houmin, who was the official photographer for the top Chinese leaders particularly Mao Zedong from 1950 to 1964 was born in Yilan.[7]
Climate
| Climate data for Yilan County (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 2.2 (36) |
9.0 (48.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
28.9 (84) |
32.8 (91) |
35.0 (95) |
37.8 (100) |
37.2 (99) |
30.6 (87.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
4.5 (40.1) |
37.8 (100) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −12.9 (8.8) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
1.8 (35.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
20.4 (68.7) |
25.0 (77) |
27.5 (81.5) |
25.8 (78.4) |
20.3 (68.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
9.5 (49.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.0 (−0.4) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
6.1 (43) |
13.6 (56.5) |
19.0 (66.2) |
22.2 (72) |
20.4 (68.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−15.1 (4.8) |
3.62 (38.53) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −22.7 (−8.9) |
−19.2 (−2.6) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.5 (56.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
15.9 (60.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.1 (−33) |
−33.5 (−28.3) |
−31 (−24) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
10.2 (50.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−3 (27) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−25.4 (−13.7) |
−32.9 (−27.2) |
−36.1 (−33) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.098) |
3.8 (0.15) |
9.4 (0.37) |
22.7 (0.894) |
54.2 (2.134) |
93.1 (3.665) |
130.9 (5.154) |
124.5 (4.902) |
58.9 (2.319) |
38.2 (1.504) |
10.7 (0.421) |
6.7 (0.264) |
555.6 (21.875) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.5 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 8.1 | 12.1 | 14.4 | 13.6 | 13.0 | 10.9 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 107.5 |
| Source: Weather China | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ Google (2014-07-02). "Yilan" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 2014-07-02.
- ↑ Harbin Statistical Yearbook 2011 (《哈尔滨统计年鉴2011》). Accessed 8 July 2014.
- ↑ 2010 Census Harbin primary statistics report (《哈尔滨市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报》). Accessed 8 July 2014.
- 1 2 Fulford, H. (1887), "Mr. Fulford's Journeys in Manchuria", Scottish geographical magazine, Royal Scottish Geographical Society., 3
- ↑ Lattimore, Owen (2008). Manchuria - Cradle of Conflict. Modern reprint by READ BOOKS. pp. 14, 33. ISBN 1-4437-2496-3.
- ↑ 吉林省历史沟沉 (An exploration of the history of Jilin Province). There is also same article converted to HTML by Google
- ↑ "Chairman Mao's personal cameraman dies". shanghaiist. 10 March 2015.