1992 Tour de France

1992 Tour de France
Route of the 1992 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 4–26 July
Stages 21 + Prologue
Distance 3,978 km (2,472 mi)
Winning time 100h 49' 30"
Results
Winner  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Second  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Third  Gianni Bugno (ITA) (Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax)
Points  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) (ONCE)
Mountains  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Youth  Eddy Bouwmans (NED) (Panasonic–Sportlife)
Team Carrera Jeans–Vagabond

The 1992 Tour de France was the 79th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 26 July. The total race distance was 21 stages and a prologue over 3,978 km (2,472 mi). In honor of the Maastricht Treaty, which created the European Union, the Tour visited a record seven countries: France, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and Italy.

The 1992 race included one of the most remarkable stages of modern history. Claudio Chiappucci took off before the race left France and soloed to a glorious victory at Sestriere high in the Italian Alps. The tifosi's exuberance was unrestrained by barriers as Chiappucci overtook the motorbike escort which couldn't break through his adoring fans. LeMond abandoned. Miguel Indurain took his second overall win.

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1992 Tour de France.

There were 22 teams in the 1992 Tour de France, each composed of 9 cyclists.[1] Sixteen teams qualified because they were the top 16 of the FICP ranking in May 1992;[2] six other teams were given wildcards in June 1992.[3]

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

Pre-race favourites

Miguel Indurain, winner of the 1991 Tour de France, was the clear favourite, having won the 1992 Giro d'Italia with ease. His biggest rivals were expected to be Gianni Bugno (second in the 1991 Tour) and Claudio Chiappucci (second in the 1992 Giro).[4]

Route and stages

Stage characteristics and winners[1][5][6]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 4 July San Sebastián (Spain) 8.0 km (5.0 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
1 5 July San Sebastián (Spain) 194.5 km (120.9 mi) Hilly stage  Dominique Arnould (FRA)
2 6 July San Sebastián (Spain) to Pau 255.0 km (158.4 mi) Hilly stage  Javier Murguialday (ESP)
3 7 July Pau to Bordeaux 210.0 km (130.5 mi) Plain stage  Rob Harmeling (NED)
4 8 July Libourne 63.5 km (39.5 mi) Team time trial  Panasonic–Sportlife
5 9 July Nogent-sur-Oise to Wasquehal 196.0 km (121.8 mi) Plain stage  Guido Bontempi (ITA)
6 10 July Roubaix to Brussels (Belgium) 167.0 km (103.8 mi) Plain stage  Laurent Jalabert (FRA)
7 11 July Brussels (Belgium) to Valkenburg (Netherlands) 196.5 km (122.1 mi) Plain stage  Gilles Delion (FRA)
8 12 July Valkenburg (Netherlands) to Koblenz (Germany) 206.5 km (128.3 mi) Plain stage  Jan Nevens (BEL)
9 13 July Luxembourg City (Luxembourg) 65.0 km (40.4 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
10 14 July Luxembourg City (Luxembourg) to Strasbourg 217.0 km (134.8 mi) Plain stage  Jean-Paul van Poppel (NED)
11 15 July Strasbourg to Mulhouse 249.5 km (155.0 mi) Hilly stage  Laurent Fignon (FRA)
12 16 July Dole to St Gervais 267.5 km (166.2 mi) Hilly stage  Rolf Järmann (SUI)
17 July Dole Rest day
13 18 July St Gervais to Sestriere 254.5 km (158.1 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA)
14 19 July Sestriere to Alpe d'Huez 186.5 km (115.9 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Andrew Hampsten (USA)
15 20 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Saint-Étienne 198.0 km (123.0 mi) Hilly stage  Franco Chioccioli (ITA)
16 21 July Saint-Étienne to La Bourboule 212.0 km (131.7 mi) Hilly stage  Stephen Roche (IRE)
17 22 July La Bourboule to Montluçon 189.0 km (117.4 mi) Plain stage  Jean-Claude Colotti (FRA)
18 23 July Montluçon to Tours 212.0 km (131.7 mi) Plain stage  Thierry Marie (FRA)
19 24 July Tours to Blois 64.0 km (39.8 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
20 25 July Blois to Nanterre 222.0 km (137.9 mi) Plain stage  Peter De Clercq (BEL)
21 26 July La Défense to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 141.0 km (87.6 mi) Plain stage  Olaf Ludwig (GER)
Total 3,978 km (2,472 mi)[7]

Race overview

Miguel Indurain (pictured in 2009), winner of the general classification

The prologue was in San Sebastián, close to Indurain's home.[8] Indurain won the prologue, with debutant Alex Zülle in second place. In the first stage, Zülle won a time bonus in an intermediate sprint, and became the new race leader.[4]

In the second stage, Richard Virenque, another debutant who was a late addition to his team, was part of a two-man escape that stayed away, and took over the lead.[4] The yellow jersey, worn by the leader in the general classification, changed owner again after the third stage, when a group of ten cyclists stayed away, and Pascal Lino, a team mate of Virenque at RMO, became the new leader.[4] In the team time trial of stage four, RMO lost time to the teams specialized in team time trials, but Lino's lead was large enough to remain leader.[4]

In the time trial in stage nine, Indurain took his chance to win back time on Lino and Virenque and his rivals: Indurain won the stage, three minutes faster than all other cyclists.[8] This time trial victory is sometimes seen as Indurain's career-defining moment.[9]

The major mountain stages were stages 13 and 14.[10] Chiappucci won stage 13, and won back some time on Indurain who finished in third place; Chiappucci climbed to the second place in the general classification. In the fourteenth stage, Chiappucci and Indurain finished together. After this stage, Indurain lead the race with only Chiappucci within two minutes; all other cyclists were more than eight minutes behind. With no big mountain stages remaining, the only stage that was likely to create time differences between the favourites was the time trial in stage nineteen. Indurain, being a time trial specialist, won that stage, and increased his margin to more than four minutes.[4]

Indurain thus won his second Tour de France.

Classification leadership

There were several classifications in the 1992 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[11]

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[11]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[11]

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey in 1992. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.[11]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.[12]

In 1992, there was an additional classification because of the Maastricht Treaty, that created the European Union. In the 1992 Tour de France, a national border was crossed seven times, and every time there was a special sprint, where points could be earned. This classification was won by Viatcheslav Ekimov.[13]

The "Association Française pour un Sport sans violence et pour le Fair-play" awarded the Fair Play award in the Tour for the first time. It was given to Stephen Roche.[5]

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
A yellow jersey.		 Points classification
A green jersey		 Mountains classification
A white jersey with red polka dots.		 Young rider classification[n 1] Team classification
P Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain no award Alex Zülle Banesto
1 Dominique Arnould Alex Zülle Dominique Arnould Franco Chioccioli
2 Javier Murguialday Richard Virenque Richard Virenque Richard Virenque Richard Virenque RMO
3 Rob Harmeling Pascal Lino
4 Panasonic
5 Guido Bontempi Johan Museeuw Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
6 Laurent Jalabert Laurent Jalabert
7 Gilles Delion
8 Jan Nevens Yvon Ledanois
9 Miguel Indurain
10 Jean-Paul van Poppel Claudio Chiappucci
11 Laurent Fignon
12 Rolf Jaermann
13 Claudio Chiappucci Miguel Indurain Eddy Bouwmans
14 Andrew Hampsten
15 Franco Chioccioli
16 Stephen Roche
17 Jean-Claude Colotti
18 Thierry Marie
19 Miguel Indurain
20 Peter De Clercq
21 Olaf Ludwig
Final Miguel Indurain Laurent Jalabert Claudio Chiappucci Eddy Bouwmans Carrera Jeans–Vagabond

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[1]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 100h 49' 30"
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 4' 35"
3  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax + 10' 49"
4  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola + 13' 40"
5  Pascal Lino (FRA) RMO + 14' 37"
6  Pedro Delgado (ESP) Banesto + 15' 16"
7  Erik Breukink (NED) PDM–Concorde + 18' 51"
8  Giancarlo Perini (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 19' 16"
9  Stephen Roche (IRE) Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 20' 23"
10  Jens Heppner (GER) Team Telekom + 25' 30"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[15][16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. ONCE 293
2  Johan Museeuw (BEL) Lotto–Mavic–MBK 262
3  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 202
4  Olaf Ludwig (GER) Panasonic–Sportlife 193
5  Massimo Ghirotto (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 177
6  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 128
7  Stephen Roche (IRE) Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 111
8  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax 109
9  Søren Lilholt (DEN) Tulip Computers 96
10  Jelle Nijdam (NED) Buckler–Colnago–Decca 84

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[15]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 410
2  Richard Virenque (FRA) RMO 245
3  Franco Chioccioli (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio 209
4  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 152
5  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola 140
6  Gianni Bugno (ITA) Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax 131
7  Franco Vona (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio 122
8  Stephen Roche (IRE) Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 107
9  Javier Murguialday (ESP) Amaya Seguros 96
10  Eric Boyer (FRA) Z 93

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–6)[15]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Eddy Bouwmans (NED) Panasonic–Sportlife 102h 28' 05"
2  Richard Virenque (FRA) RMO + 17' 26"
3  Jim Van De Laer (BEL) Tulip Computers + 31' 54"
4  Arunas Cepele (LIT) Buckler–Colnago–Decca + 40' 25"
5  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. ONCE + 41' 33"
6  Dimitri Zhdanov (RUS) Panasonic–Sportlife + 48' 29"

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[15]
Rank Team Time
1Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 302h 58' 12"
2Banesto + 18' 16"
3Clas–Cajastur + 49' 27"
4Gatorade–Chateau d'Ax + 1h 02' 46"
5Z + 1h 07' 19"
6RMO + 1h 22' 11"
7TVM–Sanyo + 1h 29' 22"
8Castorama + 1h 37' 18"
9PDM–Concorde + 1h 41' 35"
10Panasonic–Sportlife + 1h 46' 46"

European sprints

Final European sprints classification[17]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Viatcheslav Ekimov (RUS) Panasonic–Sportlife 14
2  Herman Frison (BEL) Tulip Computers 6
3  Richard Virenque (FRA) RMO 5
4  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 4
4  Peter De Clercq (BEL) Lotto–Mavic–MBK 4
6  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola 2
6  Javier Murguialday (ESP) Amaya Seguros 2
8  Franco Vona (ITA) GB–MG Maglificio 1
8  Olaf Ludwig (GER) Panasonic–Sportlife 1
8  Hendrik Redant (BEL) Lotto–Mavic–MBK 1

Notes and references

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The white jersey was not awarded between 1989 and 1999.[14]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "79ème Tour de France 1992" (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  2. ↑ "Tour: Les 16 premières équipes" (in French). Le Soir. 20 May 1992. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  3. ↑ Deblander, Bruno (17 June 1992). "Les six équipes invitées au Tour de France sont connués 22, v'la ce qui se fait de mieux" (in French). Le Soir. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour de France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 203–210. ISBN 1-59858-608-4. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  5. 1 2 Historical guide 2016, p. 83.
  6. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  7. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 110.
  8. 1 2 Boyce, Barry (2012). "The Spaniard is More Than a Climber". Cycling revealed. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  9. ↑ "Grand Tour Doubles – Miguel Indurain". Cycle sport magazine. IPC Media Sports & Leisure. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  10. ↑ Richard Moore (30 June 2012). "Book Excerpt: Chiappucci's legendary victory at Sestriere". VeloNews. Competitor Group, Inc. Archived from the original on 30 June 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  12. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0679729364. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  13. ↑ Mark, Eddy van der. "Tour Xtra: Other classification and awards". Chippewa Valley Cycling Club.
  14. ↑ Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (9 September 2011). Historical Dictionary of Cycling. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-8108-7369-8.
  15. 1 2 3 4 "Los Campos Elíseos rinden homenaje a Indurain". El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 27 July 1992. p. 50. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  16. ↑ "Tour in cijfers". Leidsch Dagblad (in Dutch). Regionaal archief Leiden. 27 July 1992. p. 17. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  17. ↑ "ESF-sprint Klassement". Sports plaza. Retrieved 4 May 2013.

Sources

External links

Media related to 1992 Tour de France at Wikimedia Commons

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