German federal election, 1994

German federal election, 1994
Germany
16 October 1994 (1994-10-16)

All 672 seats in the Bundestag
337 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout 79.0% (voting eligible)[1]
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Helmut Kohl Rudolf Scharping Antje Vollmer
Party CDU/CSU SPD Green
Leader since 1973 1993
Last election 319 seats 239 seats 8 seats
Seats won 294 252 49
Seat change Decrease25 Increase13 Increase41
Popular vote 19,517,156 17,140,354 3,424,315
Percentage 41.4% 36.4% 7.3%
Swing Decrease2.4% Increase2.9% Increase2.3%

  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Klaus Kinkel Gregor Gysi
Party FDP PDS
Leader since 1993 1990
Last election 79 seats 17 seats
Seats won 47 30
Seat change Decrease32 Increase13
Popular vote 3,258,407 2,066,176
Percentage 6.9% 4.4%
Swing Decrease4.1% Increase2.0%

Party list election results by state: dark blue denotes states where CSU had the absolute majority of the votes; lighter blue denotes states where CDU had the plurality of votes; and pink denotes states where the SPD had the plurality of votes

Chancellor before election

Helmut Kohl
CDU/CSU

Elected Chancellor

Helmut Kohl
CDU/CSU

German federal elections took place on 16 October 1994, to elect members to the 13th Bundestag (parliament) of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Issues and campaign

The SPD let its members elect a candidate for Chancellor against Helmut Kohl. Rudolf Scharping, Minister-President of Rhineland-Palatinate, beat Gerhard Schröder and Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul in the SPD's internal election. Tension between Scharping and other SPD leaders such as Oskar Lafontaine and Gerhard Schröder hampered his campaign.

For the first time the Green party seemed to be willing to actually join a government in the event that a SPD – Green coalition had the majority.

Results

This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Germany
Foreign relations
 Summary of 16 October 1994 German Bundestag election results
Parties Constituency Party list Total seats
Votes % +/− Seats +/− Votes % +/− Seats +/− Seats +/− %
Social Democratic Party (SPD) 17,966,813 38.3 +3.1 103 +12 17,140,354 36.4 +2.9 149 +1 252 +13 37.5
Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 17,473,325 37.2 −1.1 177 −15 16,089,960 34.2 −2.5 67 −9 244 −24 36.3
Christian Social Union (CSU) 3,657,627 7.8 +0.4 44 +1 3,427,196 7.3 +0.2 6 −2 50 −1 7.4
Alliance '90/The Greens 3,037,902 6.5 +0.9 0 ±0 3,424,315 7.3 +2.3 49 +41 49 +41 7.3
Free Democratic Party (FDP) 1,558,185 3.3 −4.5 0 −1 3,258,407 6.9 −4.1 47 −31 47 −32 7.0
Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) 1,920,420 4.1 +1.8 4 +3 2,066,176 4.4 +2.0 26 +10 30 +13 4.5
The Republicans (REP) 787,757 1.7 ±0 0 ±0 875,239 1.9 −0.2 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
The Grays – Gray Panthers (GRAUE) 178,450 0.4 −0.1 0 ±0 238,642 0.5 −0.3 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Ecological Democratic Party (ÖDP) 200,138 0.4 −0.1 0 ±0 183,715 0.4 ±0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Natural Law Party (Naturgesetz) 59,087 0.1 +0.1 0 ±0 73,193 0.2 +0.2 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Animal Protection Party 71,643 0.2 +0.2 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Party of Bible-abiding Christians (PBC) 26,864 0.1 +0.1 0 ±0 65,651 0.1 +0.1 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Statt Party (STATT) 7,927 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 63,354 0.1 +0.1 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Bavaria Party (BP) 3,324 0.0 ±0 0 ±0 42,491 0.1 ±0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Car-drivers' and Citizens' Interests Party (APD) 1,654 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 21,533 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Christian Centre (CM) 3,559 0.0 ±0 0 ±0 19,887 0.0 −0.1 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Party of the Willing to Work and Socially Vulnerable (PASS) 489 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 15,040 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany (MLPD) 4,932 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 10,038 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Solidarity (BüSo) 8,032 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 8,103 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Christian League (Liga) 3,788 0.0 ±0 0 ±0 5,195 0.0 −0.1 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Centre Party (Zentrum) 1,489 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 3,757 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Federation of Socialist Workers (BSA) 1,285 0.0 ±0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Free Citizens' Union (FBU) 8,193 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
German Social Union (DSU) 2,395 0.0 −0.3 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
German Communist Party (DKP) 693 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
DVP 606 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Free Social Union (FSU) 467 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 426 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Independent Workers' Party (UAP) 302 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Liberal Democrats (LD) 221 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Federation for a Complete Germany (BGD) 107 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Democrats (DEMOKRATEN) 104 0.0 +0.0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Electoral groups and independents 34,080 0.1 ±0 0 ±0 0 ±0 0
Invalid/blank votes 788,643 632,825
Totals 47,737,999 100 ±0.0 328 ±0 47,737,999 100 ±0.0 344 +10 672 +10 ±0
Registered voters/turnout 60,452,009 79.0 60,452,009 79.0
Source: Federal Returning Officer
^† — totals for the Greens reflect the merger of the Western and Eastern Green parties.
Seat results – SPD in red, combined Greens in green, PDS in purple, FDP in yellow, CDU/CSU in black
294 47 252 49 30
CDU/CSU FDP SPD Grüne PDS
Popular Vote
CDU/CSU
 
41.43%
SPD
 
36.39%
B'90/GRÜNE
 
7.27%
F.D.P.
 
6.92%
PDS
 
4.39%
REP
 
1.86%
Other
 
1.75%
Bundestag seats
CDU/CSU
 
43.75%
SPD
 
37.50%
B'90/GRÜNE
 
7.29%
F.D.P.
 
6.99%
PDS
 
4.46%

Post-election

The coalition between the CDU/CSU and the FDP was able to continue in power with Helmut Kohl as chancellor.

The PDS was able to gain four direct seats and was therefore eligible for full caucus status and proportional representation even though it remained below the 5% margin.

References

  1. "Voter turnout by election year". Website of the Federal Returning Officer's Office. The Federal Returning Officer. Retrieved 7 November 2014.

Sources

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