Vize Island
| Russian: Остров Визе | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location of Vize Island in the Kara Sea | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Arctic Ocean |
| Coordinates | 79°18′00″N 76°32′24″E / 79.30000°N 76.54000°ECoordinates: 79°18′00″N 76°32′24″E / 79.30000°N 76.54000°E |
| Area | 288 km2 (111 sq mi) |
| Length | 34 km (21.1 mi) |
| Width | 11 km (6.8 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 22 m (72 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
Vize Island or Wiese Island (Russian: Остров Визе Ostrov Vize), also known as Zemlya Vize (Russian: Земля Визе) is an isolated island located in the Arctic Ocean, Russian Federation.
Geography
This island is desolate and subject to severe Arctic storms, but it has no glaciers. In the summer, large areas of the island are free of ice and snow. Its total area is 288 km2 (111 sq mi). Compared to other Arctic islands it is relatively large and flat, its highest point being only 22 m (72 ft) above mean sea level. The closest land is lonely Ushakov Island 140 km (87 mi) further north.[1]
Vize Island lies at the northern end of the Kara Sea, roughly midway between Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya. It belongs to the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of the Krasnoyarsk Krai administrative division of Russia. Owing to its extreme northerly location, the surrounding sea is covered with pack ice in the winter, and it is quite full of ice floes even in the summer.
History
In 1924, oceanographer Vladimir Wiese studied the drift of Georgy Brusilov's ill-fated Russian ship Svyataya Anna when she was trapped on the pack ice of the Kara Sea. Vize detected an odd deviation of the path of the ship's drift caused by certain variations of the patterns of sea and ice currents. He deemed that the deviation was caused by the presence of an undiscovered island whose coordinates he was able to calculate with precision thanks to the availability of the successive positions of the St. Anna during its drift. The data of the drift had been supplied by navigator Valerian Albanov, one of the only two survivors of the St. Anna.[2]
Finally, the island was discovered on 13 August 1930 by a Soviet expedition led by Otto Schmidt aboard the Icebreaker Sedov under Captain Vladimir Voronin. The island was named after Professor Vize of the Soviet Arctic Institute who was at the time aboard the Sedov and who was able to set foot on the island whose existence he had predicted.
The first wintering in Vize Island took place in 1945–46. A hydrometeorological polar station was established on 1 November 1945. Vize Island's polar station is one of the northernmost in the world.
 View of the Arctic research station on Vize Island |
Climate
Vize island has an extreme Arctic climate, with temperatures only able to struggle above freezing slightly for a couple of months a year and temperatures are regularly below −20 °C from November all the way through to the following April.
| Climate data for Vize Island | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.0 (32) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
1.5 (34.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
5.1 (41.2) |
8.7 (47.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
0.2 (32.4) |
8.7 (47.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −21.3 (−6.3) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−16.0 (3.2) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
1.7 (35.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−15.1 (4.8) |
−20.1 (−4.2) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −24.9 (−12.8) |
−25.7 (−14.3) |
−24.9 (−12.8) |
−19.6 (−3.3) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
0.5 (32.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−2.8 (27) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−23.4 (−10.1) |
−13.4 (7.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −28.4 (−19.1) |
−29.0 (−20.2) |
−28.1 (−18.6) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−13.5 (7.7) |
−21.9 (−7.4) |
−26.6 (−15.9) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.9 (−54.2) |
−44.5 (−48.1) |
−47.0 (−52.6) |
−44.0 (−47.2) |
−32.1 (−25.8) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−22.2 (−8) |
−38.2 (−36.8) |
−41.3 (−42.3) |
−43.7 (−46.7) |
−47.9 (−54.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.51) |
10 (0.39) |
11 (0.43) |
11 (0.43) |
13 (0.51) |
15 (0.59) |
17 (0.67) |
22 (0.87) |
22 (0.87) |
24 (0.94) |
16 (0.63) |
15 (0.59) |
189 (7.44) |
| Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 35 |
| Average snowy days | 18 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 24 | 18 | 10 | 12 | 21 | 24 | 19 | 17 | 210 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 80 | 80 | 83 | 87 | 91 | 94 | 94 | 91 | 85 | 83 | 81 | 86 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 0 | 3 | 101 | 273 | 175 | 128 | 124 | 75 | 26 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 914 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[3] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun 1961–1990)[4] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- ↑ Google Earth
- ↑ Wladilen Troizki, The Exploits of second officer Valerian Albanov, Krasnoyarsk Publishing House, 1989
- ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net (Weather and Climate-The Climate of Vize Island)" (in Russian). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
- ↑ "Vize Island Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
Select bibliography
- Summary of the Arctic archipelagos and islands. Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge.
